Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua
We report measurements of Hg, SO₂, and halogens (HCI, HBr, HI) in volcanic gases from Masaya volcano, Nicaragua, and gasceous SO₂ and halogens from Telica volcano, Nicaragua. Mercury measurements were made with a Lumex 915+ portable mercury vapor analyzer and gold traps, while halogens, CO₂ and S sp...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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American Geophysical Union
2008
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| author | Witt, M Mather, T Pyle, D Aiuppa, A Bagnato, E Tsanev, V |
| author_facet | Witt, M Mather, T Pyle, D Aiuppa, A Bagnato, E Tsanev, V |
| author_sort | Witt, M |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | We report measurements of Hg, SO₂, and halogens (HCI, HBr, HI) in volcanic gases from Masaya volcano, Nicaragua, and gasceous SO₂ and halogens from Telica volcano, Nicaragua. Mercury measurements were made with a Lumex 915+ portable mercury vapor analyzer and gold traps, while halogens, CO₂ and S species were monitored with a portable multi gas sensor and filter packs. Lumex Hg concentrations in the plume were consistently above background and ranged up to 350 ng m⁻³. Hg/SO₂ mass ratios measured with the real-time instruments ranged from 1.1 x 10⁻⁷ to 3.5 x 10⁻⁵ (mean 2 x 10⁻⁵). Total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations measured by gold trap ranged from 100 to 225 ng m⁻³. Reactive gaseous mercury accounted for 1% of TGM, while particulate mercury was 5% of the TGM. Field measurements of Masaya's SO₂ flux, combined with the Hg/SO₂ ratio, indicate a Hg flux from Masaya of 7.2 Mg a⁻¹. At Masaya's low temperature fumaroles, Hg/CO₂ mass ratios were consistently around 2 x 10⁻⁸, lower than observed in the main vent (Hg/CO₂ ~ 10⁻⁷). Low-temperature fumarole Hg fluxes from Masaya are insignificant (~ 150 g a⁻¹). Ratios of S, C and halogen species were also measured at Masaya and Telica volcanoes. CO₂/SO₂ ratios at Masaya ranged from 2.8 to 3.9, comparable to previously published values. At Masaya molar Br/SO₂ was 3 x 10⁻⁴ and I/SO₂ was 2 x 10⁻⁵, suggesting fluxes of 0.2-0.5 Mg Hbr d⁻¹ and 0.03-0.05 Mg HI d⁻¹. At Telica the Br/SO₂ ratio was also 3 x 10⁻⁴ and the I/SO₂ ratio was 5.8 x 10⁻⁵, with corresponding fluxes of 0.2 Mg HBr d⁻¹ and 0.06 Mg HI d⁻¹. Gases at both volcanoes are enriched in I relative to Br and CI, compared to gases from volcanoes elsewhere. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T03:29:34Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:ba3d37a0-2df6-46cf-a55b-3efa556caf90 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T03:29:34Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:ba3d37a0-2df6-46cf-a55b-3efa556caf902022-03-27T05:08:29ZMercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, NicaraguaJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:ba3d37a0-2df6-46cf-a55b-3efa556caf90Earth sciencesGeographyEnglishOxford University Research Archive - ValetAmerican Geophysical Union2008Witt, MMather, TPyle, DAiuppa, ABagnato, ETsanev, VWe report measurements of Hg, SO₂, and halogens (HCI, HBr, HI) in volcanic gases from Masaya volcano, Nicaragua, and gasceous SO₂ and halogens from Telica volcano, Nicaragua. Mercury measurements were made with a Lumex 915+ portable mercury vapor analyzer and gold traps, while halogens, CO₂ and S species were monitored with a portable multi gas sensor and filter packs. Lumex Hg concentrations in the plume were consistently above background and ranged up to 350 ng m⁻³. Hg/SO₂ mass ratios measured with the real-time instruments ranged from 1.1 x 10⁻⁷ to 3.5 x 10⁻⁵ (mean 2 x 10⁻⁵). Total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations measured by gold trap ranged from 100 to 225 ng m⁻³. Reactive gaseous mercury accounted for 1% of TGM, while particulate mercury was 5% of the TGM. Field measurements of Masaya's SO₂ flux, combined with the Hg/SO₂ ratio, indicate a Hg flux from Masaya of 7.2 Mg a⁻¹. At Masaya's low temperature fumaroles, Hg/CO₂ mass ratios were consistently around 2 x 10⁻⁸, lower than observed in the main vent (Hg/CO₂ ~ 10⁻⁷). Low-temperature fumarole Hg fluxes from Masaya are insignificant (~ 150 g a⁻¹). Ratios of S, C and halogen species were also measured at Masaya and Telica volcanoes. CO₂/SO₂ ratios at Masaya ranged from 2.8 to 3.9, comparable to previously published values. At Masaya molar Br/SO₂ was 3 x 10⁻⁴ and I/SO₂ was 2 x 10⁻⁵, suggesting fluxes of 0.2-0.5 Mg Hbr d⁻¹ and 0.03-0.05 Mg HI d⁻¹. At Telica the Br/SO₂ ratio was also 3 x 10⁻⁴ and the I/SO₂ ratio was 5.8 x 10⁻⁵, with corresponding fluxes of 0.2 Mg HBr d⁻¹ and 0.06 Mg HI d⁻¹. Gases at both volcanoes are enriched in I relative to Br and CI, compared to gases from volcanoes elsewhere. |
| spellingShingle | Earth sciences Geography Witt, M Mather, T Pyle, D Aiuppa, A Bagnato, E Tsanev, V Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua |
| title | Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua |
| title_full | Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua |
| title_fullStr | Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua |
| title_short | Mercury and halogen emissions from Masaya and Telica volcanoes, Nicaragua |
| title_sort | mercury and halogen emissions from masaya and telica volcanoes nicaragua |
| topic | Earth sciences Geography |
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