Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2

We studied the development and persistence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, and Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) variants in Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) up to 15 weeks after booster vaccination. We included 47 HCWs, including group 1 (G1, <i>N</i>...

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Váldodahkkit: Chau, NVV, Nguyet, LA, Dung, NT, Quang, VM, Truong, NT, Toan, LM, Hung, LM, Man, DNH, Khoa, DB, Phong, NT, Ngoc, NM, Thao, HP, Ty, DTB, Thanh, PB, Ny, NTH, Thanh, LK, Thuy, CT, Anh, NT, Hong, NTT, Nhu, LNT, Yen, LM, Thwaites, G, Thanh, TT, Tan, LV
Eará dahkkit: OUCRU COVID-19 Research Group
Materiálatiipa: Journal article
Giella:English
Almmustuhtton: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2022
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author Chau, NVV
Nguyet, LA
Dung, NT
Quang, VM
Truong, NT
Toan, LM
Hung, LM
Man, DNH
Khoa, DB
Phong, NT
Ngoc, NM
Thao, HP
Ty, DTB
Thanh, PB
Ny, NTH
Thanh, LK
Thuy, CT
Anh, NT
Hong, NTT
Nhu, LNT
Yen, LM
Thwaites, G
Thanh, TT
Tan, LV
author2 OUCRU COVID-19 Research Group
author_facet OUCRU COVID-19 Research Group
Chau, NVV
Nguyet, LA
Dung, NT
Quang, VM
Truong, NT
Toan, LM
Hung, LM
Man, DNH
Khoa, DB
Phong, NT
Ngoc, NM
Thao, HP
Ty, DTB
Thanh, PB
Ny, NTH
Thanh, LK
Thuy, CT
Anh, NT
Hong, NTT
Nhu, LNT
Yen, LM
Thwaites, G
Thanh, TT
Tan, LV
author_sort Chau, NVV
collection OXFORD
description We studied the development and persistence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, and Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) variants in Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) up to 15 weeks after booster vaccination. We included 47 HCWs, including group 1 (G1, <i>N</i> = 21) and group 2 (G2; <i>N</i> = 26) without and with breakthrough Delta variant infection before booster immunization, respectively). The study participants had completed primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Neutralizing antibodies were measured using a surrogate virus neutralization assay. Of the 21 study participants in G1, neutralizing antibodies against ancestral strain, Delta variant, BA.1, and BA.2 were (almost) abolished at month 8 after the second dose, but all had detectable neutralizing antibodies to the study viruses at week 2 post booster dose. Of the 26 study participants in G2, neutralizing antibody levels to BA.1 and BA.2 were significantly higher than those to the corresponding viruses measured at week 2 post breakthrough infection and before the booster dose. At week 15 post booster vaccination, neutralizing antibodies to BA.1 and BA.2 dropped significantly, with more profound changes observed in those without breakthrough Delta variant infection. Booster vaccination enhanced neutralizing activities against ancestral strain and Delta variant compared with those induced by primary vaccination. These responses were maintained at high levels for at least 15 weeks. Our findings emphasize the importance of the first booster dose in producing cross-neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant. A second booster to maintain long-term vaccine effectiveness against the currently circulating variants merits further research.
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publisher American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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spelling oxford-uuid:be71074f-c3d7-4ac2-8f1b-aa93df7dcdf22023-06-15T10:45:08ZKinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:be71074f-c3d7-4ac2-8f1b-aa93df7dcdf2EnglishSymplectic ElementsAmerican Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2022Chau, NVVNguyet, LADung, NTQuang, VMTruong, NTToan, LMHung, LMMan, DNHKhoa, DBPhong, NTNgoc, NMThao, HPTy, DTBThanh, PBNy, NTHThanh, LKThuy, CTAnh, NTHong, NTTNhu, LNTYen, LMThwaites, GThanh, TTTan, LVOUCRU COVID-19 Research GroupWe studied the development and persistence of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain, and Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) variants in Vietnamese healthcare workers (HCWs) up to 15 weeks after booster vaccination. We included 47 HCWs, including group 1 (G1, <i>N</i> = 21) and group 2 (G2; <i>N</i> = 26) without and with breakthrough Delta variant infection before booster immunization, respectively). The study participants had completed primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster vaccination with BNT162b2. Neutralizing antibodies were measured using a surrogate virus neutralization assay. Of the 21 study participants in G1, neutralizing antibodies against ancestral strain, Delta variant, BA.1, and BA.2 were (almost) abolished at month 8 after the second dose, but all had detectable neutralizing antibodies to the study viruses at week 2 post booster dose. Of the 26 study participants in G2, neutralizing antibody levels to BA.1 and BA.2 were significantly higher than those to the corresponding viruses measured at week 2 post breakthrough infection and before the booster dose. At week 15 post booster vaccination, neutralizing antibodies to BA.1 and BA.2 dropped significantly, with more profound changes observed in those without breakthrough Delta variant infection. Booster vaccination enhanced neutralizing activities against ancestral strain and Delta variant compared with those induced by primary vaccination. These responses were maintained at high levels for at least 15 weeks. Our findings emphasize the importance of the first booster dose in producing cross-neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant. A second booster to maintain long-term vaccine effectiveness against the currently circulating variants merits further research.
spellingShingle Chau, NVV
Nguyet, LA
Dung, NT
Quang, VM
Truong, NT
Toan, LM
Hung, LM
Man, DNH
Khoa, DB
Phong, NT
Ngoc, NM
Thao, HP
Ty, DTB
Thanh, PB
Ny, NTH
Thanh, LK
Thuy, CT
Anh, NT
Hong, NTT
Nhu, LNT
Yen, LM
Thwaites, G
Thanh, TT
Tan, LV
Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2
title Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2
title_full Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2
title_fullStr Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2
title_full_unstemmed Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2
title_short Kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variant in Vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with ChAdOx1-S and booster immunization with BNT162b2
title_sort kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against omicron variant in vietnamese healthcare workers after primary immunization with chadox1 s and booster immunization with bnt162b2
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