Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations
<strong>Aim:</strong> To quantify the influence of past archipelago configuration on present-day insular biodiversity patterns, and to compare the role of long-lasting archipelago configurations over the Pleistocene to configurations of short duration such as at the Last Glacial Maximum...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
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John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2018
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| _version_ | 1797094359323115520 |
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| author | Norder, S Proios, K Whittaker, R Alonso, M Borges, P Borregaard, M Cowie, R Florens, F de Frias Martins, A Ibáñez, M Kissling, W de Nascimento, L Otto, R Parent, C Rigal, F Warren, B Fernández-Palacios, J van Loon, E Triantis, K Rijsdijk, K |
| author_facet | Norder, S Proios, K Whittaker, R Alonso, M Borges, P Borregaard, M Cowie, R Florens, F de Frias Martins, A Ibáñez, M Kissling, W de Nascimento, L Otto, R Parent, C Rigal, F Warren, B Fernández-Palacios, J van Loon, E Triantis, K Rijsdijk, K |
| author_sort | Norder, S |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <strong>Aim:</strong> To quantify the influence of past archipelago configuration on present-day insular biodiversity patterns, and to compare the role of long-lasting archipelago configurations over the Pleistocene to configurations of short duration such as at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the present-day. <strong>Location:</strong> 53 volcanic oceanic islands from 12 archipelagos worldwide – Azores, Canary Islands, Cook Islands, Galápagos, Gulf of Guinea, Hawaii, Madeira, Mascarenes, Pitcairn, Revillagigedo, Samoa, and Tristan da Cunha. <strong>Time period:</strong> The last 800 Kyr, representing the nine most recent glacial¬–interglacial cycles. <strong>Major taxa studied:</strong> Land snails and angiosperms. <strong>Methods:</strong> Species richness data for land snails and angiosperms were compiled from existing literature and species checklists. We reconstructed archipelago configurations at the following sea-levels: the present-day high interglacial sea-level, the intermediate sea-levels that are representative of the Pleistocene, and the low sea-levels of the LGM. We fitted two alternative linear mixed models for each archipelago configuration on the number of single-island endemic, multiple-island endemic, and native non-endemic species. Model performance was assessed based on the goodness-of-fit of the full model, the variance explained by archipelago configuration, and model parsimony. <strong>Results:</strong> Single-island endemic richness in both taxonomic groups was best explained by intermediate palaeo-configuration (positively by area change, and negatively by palaeo-connectedness), whereas non-endemic native species richness was poorly explained by palaeo-configuration. Single-island endemic richness was better explained by intermediate archipelago configurations than by the archipelago configurations of the LGM or present-day. <strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Archipelago configurations at intermediate sea-levels – which are representative of the Pleistocene – have left a stronger imprint on single-island endemic richness patterns on volcanic oceanic islands than extreme archipelago configurations that persisted for only a few thousand years (such as the LGM). In understanding ecological and evolutionary dynamics of insular biota it is essential to consider longer-lasting environmental conditions, rather than extreme situations alone. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T04:13:00Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:c877c21f-5377-4b5d-a90d-bff8083f423b |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T04:13:00Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:c877c21f-5377-4b5d-a90d-bff8083f423b2022-03-27T06:52:26ZBeyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurationsJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:c877c21f-5377-4b5d-a90d-bff8083f423bSymplectic Elements at OxfordJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.2018Norder, SProios, KWhittaker, RAlonso, MBorges, PBorregaard, MCowie, RFlorens, Fde Frias Martins, AIbáñez, MKissling, Wde Nascimento, LOtto, RParent, CRigal, FWarren, BFernández-Palacios, Jvan Loon, ETriantis, KRijsdijk, K<strong>Aim:</strong> To quantify the influence of past archipelago configuration on present-day insular biodiversity patterns, and to compare the role of long-lasting archipelago configurations over the Pleistocene to configurations of short duration such as at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the present-day. <strong>Location:</strong> 53 volcanic oceanic islands from 12 archipelagos worldwide – Azores, Canary Islands, Cook Islands, Galápagos, Gulf of Guinea, Hawaii, Madeira, Mascarenes, Pitcairn, Revillagigedo, Samoa, and Tristan da Cunha. <strong>Time period:</strong> The last 800 Kyr, representing the nine most recent glacial¬–interglacial cycles. <strong>Major taxa studied:</strong> Land snails and angiosperms. <strong>Methods:</strong> Species richness data for land snails and angiosperms were compiled from existing literature and species checklists. We reconstructed archipelago configurations at the following sea-levels: the present-day high interglacial sea-level, the intermediate sea-levels that are representative of the Pleistocene, and the low sea-levels of the LGM. We fitted two alternative linear mixed models for each archipelago configuration on the number of single-island endemic, multiple-island endemic, and native non-endemic species. Model performance was assessed based on the goodness-of-fit of the full model, the variance explained by archipelago configuration, and model parsimony. <strong>Results:</strong> Single-island endemic richness in both taxonomic groups was best explained by intermediate palaeo-configuration (positively by area change, and negatively by palaeo-connectedness), whereas non-endemic native species richness was poorly explained by palaeo-configuration. Single-island endemic richness was better explained by intermediate archipelago configurations than by the archipelago configurations of the LGM or present-day. <strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Archipelago configurations at intermediate sea-levels – which are representative of the Pleistocene – have left a stronger imprint on single-island endemic richness patterns on volcanic oceanic islands than extreme archipelago configurations that persisted for only a few thousand years (such as the LGM). In understanding ecological and evolutionary dynamics of insular biota it is essential to consider longer-lasting environmental conditions, rather than extreme situations alone. |
| spellingShingle | Norder, S Proios, K Whittaker, R Alonso, M Borges, P Borregaard, M Cowie, R Florens, F de Frias Martins, A Ibáñez, M Kissling, W de Nascimento, L Otto, R Parent, C Rigal, F Warren, B Fernández-Palacios, J van Loon, E Triantis, K Rijsdijk, K Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations |
| title | Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations |
| title_full | Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations |
| title_fullStr | Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations |
| title_short | Beyond the last glacial maximum: island endemism is best explained by long-lasting archipelago configurations |
| title_sort | beyond the last glacial maximum island endemism is best explained by long lasting archipelago configurations |
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