| Crynodeb: | <p><strong>INTRODUCTION:</strong> The association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and incident dementia remains inconclusive.</p>
<p><strong>METHODS:</strong> In 176,249 dementia-free UK Biobank participants aged ≥60 years at baseline, Cox proportional-hazards models were used to investigate the association between MetS and incident dementia. MetS was defined as the presence of ≥3 of the following: elevated waist circumference, triglycerides, blood pressure, blood glucose, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.</p>
<p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Over 15 years of follow-up (median = 12.3), 5255 participants developed dementia. MetS was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.18). The association remained consistent when restricting to longer follow-up intervals: >5 to 10 years (HR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.27) and >10 years (HR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.32). Stronger associations were observed in those with ≥4 MetS components and in apolipoprotein-E (APOE)-ε4 non-carriers.</p>
<p><strong>DISCUSSION:</strong> In this large population-based prospective cohort, MetS was associated with an increased risk of dementia.<p>
Highlights
• MetS was associated with a 12% increased risk of incident all-cause dementia.
• Associations remained similar after restricting the analysis to those with longer follow-up.
• The presence of four or five MetS components was significantly associated with dementia.
• Stronger associations were observed in those with a low genetic risk for dementia.
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