Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies
The search for extraterrestrial intelligence includes efforts to constrain populations of artificial broadcasts in other galaxies. Previous efforts use individualist methods, searching for single broadcasts with high signal-to-noise ratio. These would be detected as observables with extreme values....
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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American Astronomical Society
2024
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| _version_ | 1811140180691648512 |
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| author | Lacki, BC |
| author_facet | Lacki, BC |
| author_sort | Lacki, BC |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | The search for extraterrestrial intelligence includes efforts to constrain populations of artificial broadcasts in other galaxies. Previous efforts use individualist methods, searching for single broadcasts with high signal-to-noise ratio. These would be detected as observables with extreme values. This approach is limited to very bright broadcasts and also is subject to confusion, where a large number of broadcasts blend together to form a noise continuum. The mean value of the total emission provides an additional collective bound: the luminosity of the transmitters is no higher than the galaxy’s observed luminosity. Using the framework developed in Paper I, I evaluate how confusion affects individualist searches. I then compare individualist and collective approaches for radio broadcasts from the Milky Way, M31, and three Virgo Cluster elliptical galaxies. For current observations, confusion blurs narrowband radio broadcasts together in the Virgo ellipticals when there is one broadcast per gigahertz per 1000 stars. The collective bound implies fewer than ∼106(ℓ¯/1013W)−1 L-band broadcasts per star per gigahertz in the Milky Way wideband and is about 10 and 400 times stronger in M31 and M59, respectively. Applying the collective bound to the far-infrared–radio correlation yields constraints on radio broadcast populations in star-forming galaxies throughout the Universe. The collective bound allows us to rule out large regions of broadcast population parameter space even for distant galaxies. It also imposes constraints on gamma-ray, neutrino, and gravitational-wave broadcasts in the nearest galaxies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:17:53Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:ced06c9a-c31a-447a-bcbd-2b26ead92f7e |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T04:17:53Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | American Astronomical Society |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:ced06c9a-c31a-447a-bcbd-2b26ead92f7e2024-07-20T14:58:45ZArtificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single GalaxiesJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:ced06c9a-c31a-447a-bcbd-2b26ead92f7eEnglishJisc Publications RouterAmerican Astronomical Society2024Lacki, BCThe search for extraterrestrial intelligence includes efforts to constrain populations of artificial broadcasts in other galaxies. Previous efforts use individualist methods, searching for single broadcasts with high signal-to-noise ratio. These would be detected as observables with extreme values. This approach is limited to very bright broadcasts and also is subject to confusion, where a large number of broadcasts blend together to form a noise continuum. The mean value of the total emission provides an additional collective bound: the luminosity of the transmitters is no higher than the galaxy’s observed luminosity. Using the framework developed in Paper I, I evaluate how confusion affects individualist searches. I then compare individualist and collective approaches for radio broadcasts from the Milky Way, M31, and three Virgo Cluster elliptical galaxies. For current observations, confusion blurs narrowband radio broadcasts together in the Virgo ellipticals when there is one broadcast per gigahertz per 1000 stars. The collective bound implies fewer than ∼106(ℓ¯/1013W)−1 L-band broadcasts per star per gigahertz in the Milky Way wideband and is about 10 and 400 times stronger in M31 and M59, respectively. Applying the collective bound to the far-infrared–radio correlation yields constraints on radio broadcast populations in star-forming galaxies throughout the Universe. The collective bound allows us to rule out large regions of broadcast population parameter space even for distant galaxies. It also imposes constraints on gamma-ray, neutrino, and gravitational-wave broadcasts in the nearest galaxies. |
| spellingShingle | Lacki, BC Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies |
| title | Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies |
| title_full | Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies |
| title_fullStr | Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies |
| title_short | Artificial Broadcasts as Galactic Populations. II. Comparing Individualist and Collective Bounds on Broadcast Populations in Single Galaxies |
| title_sort | artificial broadcasts as galactic populations ii comparing individualist and collective bounds on broadcast populations in single galaxies |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lackibc artificialbroadcastsasgalacticpopulationsiicomparingindividualistandcollectiveboundsonbroadcastpopulationsinsinglegalaxies |