Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study
<h4>Background</h4> <p>This study reports dose–response estimates for the odds ratio (OR) and population attributable risk of acute alcohol use and road traffic injury (RTI).</p> <h4>Methods</h4> <p>Data were analyzed on 1,119 RTI patients arriving at 16 em...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| 格式: | Journal article |
| 语言: | English |
| 出版: |
Wiley
2017
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| _version_ | 1826297750426222592 |
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| author | Borges, G Monteiro, M Cherpitel, C Orozco, R Ye, Y Poznyak, V Peden, M Pechansky, F Cremonte, M Reid, S Mendez, J |
| author_facet | Borges, G Monteiro, M Cherpitel, C Orozco, R Ye, Y Poznyak, V Peden, M Pechansky, F Cremonte, M Reid, S Mendez, J |
| author_sort | Borges, G |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <h4>Background</h4> <p>This study reports dose–response estimates for the odds ratio (OR) and population attributable risk of acute alcohol use and road traffic injury (RTI).</p> <h4>Methods</h4> <p>Data were analyzed on 1,119 RTI patients arriving at 16 emergency departments (EDs) in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Trinidad and Tobago. Case-crossover analysis, pair-matching the number of standard drinks consumed within the 6 hours prior to the RTI with 2 control periods (prior d/wk), was performed using fractional polynomial analysis for dose–response.</p> <h4>Results</h4> <p>About 1 in 6 RTI patients in EDs were positive for self-reported alcohol 6 hours prior to the injury (country range 8.6 to 24.1%). The likelihood of an RTI with any drinking prior (compared to not drinking) was 5 times higher (country range OR 2.50 to 15.00) and the more a person drinks the higher the risk. Every drink (12.8 g alcohol) increased the risk of an RTI by 13%, even 1 to 2 drinks were associated with a sizable increase in risk of an RTI and a dose–response was found. Differences in ORs for drivers (OR = 3.51; 95%CI = 2.25 to 5.45), passengers (OR = 8.12; 95% CI = 4.22 to 15.61), and pedestrians (OR = 6.30; 95% CI = 3.14 to 12.64) and attributable fractions were noted. Acute use of alcohol was attributable to 14% of all RTIs, varying from 7% for females to 19% for being injured as a passenger.</p> <h4>Conclusions</h4> <p>The finding that the presence of alcohol increases risk among drivers and nondrivers alike may further help to urge interventions targeting passengers and pedestrians. Routine screening and brief interventions in all health services could also have a beneficial impact in decreasing rates of RTIs. Higher priority should be given to alcohol as a risk factor for RTIs, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T04:36:26Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:d015ff7c-9266-4f88-af98-4bbc2b7d7626 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T04:36:26Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:d015ff7c-9266-4f88-af98-4bbc2b7d76262022-03-27T07:47:28ZAlcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover studyJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:d015ff7c-9266-4f88-af98-4bbc2b7d7626EnglishSymplectic Elements at OxfordWiley2017Borges, GMonteiro, MCherpitel, COrozco, RYe, YPoznyak, VPeden, MPechansky, FCremonte, MReid, SMendez, J <h4>Background</h4> <p>This study reports dose–response estimates for the odds ratio (OR) and population attributable risk of acute alcohol use and road traffic injury (RTI).</p> <h4>Methods</h4> <p>Data were analyzed on 1,119 RTI patients arriving at 16 emergency departments (EDs) in Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Trinidad and Tobago. Case-crossover analysis, pair-matching the number of standard drinks consumed within the 6 hours prior to the RTI with 2 control periods (prior d/wk), was performed using fractional polynomial analysis for dose–response.</p> <h4>Results</h4> <p>About 1 in 6 RTI patients in EDs were positive for self-reported alcohol 6 hours prior to the injury (country range 8.6 to 24.1%). The likelihood of an RTI with any drinking prior (compared to not drinking) was 5 times higher (country range OR 2.50 to 15.00) and the more a person drinks the higher the risk. Every drink (12.8 g alcohol) increased the risk of an RTI by 13%, even 1 to 2 drinks were associated with a sizable increase in risk of an RTI and a dose–response was found. Differences in ORs for drivers (OR = 3.51; 95%CI = 2.25 to 5.45), passengers (OR = 8.12; 95% CI = 4.22 to 15.61), and pedestrians (OR = 6.30; 95% CI = 3.14 to 12.64) and attributable fractions were noted. Acute use of alcohol was attributable to 14% of all RTIs, varying from 7% for females to 19% for being injured as a passenger.</p> <h4>Conclusions</h4> <p>The finding that the presence of alcohol increases risk among drivers and nondrivers alike may further help to urge interventions targeting passengers and pedestrians. Routine screening and brief interventions in all health services could also have a beneficial impact in decreasing rates of RTIs. Higher priority should be given to alcohol as a risk factor for RTIs, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Borges, G Monteiro, M Cherpitel, C Orozco, R Ye, Y Poznyak, V Peden, M Pechansky, F Cremonte, M Reid, S Mendez, J Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study |
| title | Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study |
| title_full | Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study |
| title_fullStr | Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study |
| title_short | Alcohol and road traffic injuries in Latin America and the Caribbean: A case-crossover study |
| title_sort | alcohol and road traffic injuries in latin america and the caribbean a case crossover study |
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