Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes
Particle size distributions for soluble and insoluble species in Mt. Etna's summit plumes were measured across an extended size range (10 nm < d < 100 μm) using a combination of techniques. Automated scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) was used to chemically analyze many thousa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Geophysical Union
2008
|
| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1797096561853857792 |
|---|---|
| author | Martin, R Mather, T Pyle, D Power, M Allen, A Aiuppa, A Horwell, C Ward, E |
| author_facet | Martin, R Mather, T Pyle, D Power, M Allen, A Aiuppa, A Horwell, C Ward, E |
| author_sort | Martin, R |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | Particle size distributions for soluble and insoluble species in Mt. Etna's summit plumes were measured across an extended size range (10 nm < d < 100 μm) using a combination of techniques. Automated scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) was used to chemically analyze many thousands of insoluble particles (collected on pumped filters) allowing the relationships between particle size, shape, and composition to be investigated. The size distribution of fine silicate particles (d < 10 μm) was found to be lognormal, consistent with formation by bursting of gas bubbles at the surface of the magma. The compositions of fine silicate particles were found to vary between magmatic and nearly pure silica; this is consistent with depletion of metal ions by reactions in the acidic environment of the gas plume and vent. Measurements of the size, shape and composition of fine silicate particles may potentially offer insights into preemission, synemission, and postemission processes. The mass flux of fine silicate particles from Mt. Etna released during noneruptive volcanic degassing in 2004 and 2005 was estimated to be ~ 7000 kg d⁻¹. Analysis of the particles in the range 0.1 < d/μm < 100 by ion chromatography shows that there are persistent differences in the size distributions of sulfate aerosols between the two main summit plumes. Analysis of particles in the range 0.01 μm < d < 0.1 μm by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) shows that there are significant levels of nanoparticles in the Mt. Etna plumes although their compositions remain uncertain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T04:43:36Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:d27e683e-0e99-47b6-8125-4f40e80c61a5 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T04:43:36Z |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:d27e683e-0e99-47b6-8125-4f40e80c61a52022-03-27T08:04:22ZComposition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumesJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:d27e683e-0e99-47b6-8125-4f40e80c61a5Earth sciencesEnglishOxford University Research Archive - ValetAmerican Geophysical Union2008Martin, RMather, TPyle, DPower, MAllen, AAiuppa, AHorwell, CWard, EParticle size distributions for soluble and insoluble species in Mt. Etna's summit plumes were measured across an extended size range (10 nm < d < 100 μm) using a combination of techniques. Automated scanning electron microscopy (QEMSCAN) was used to chemically analyze many thousands of insoluble particles (collected on pumped filters) allowing the relationships between particle size, shape, and composition to be investigated. The size distribution of fine silicate particles (d < 10 μm) was found to be lognormal, consistent with formation by bursting of gas bubbles at the surface of the magma. The compositions of fine silicate particles were found to vary between magmatic and nearly pure silica; this is consistent with depletion of metal ions by reactions in the acidic environment of the gas plume and vent. Measurements of the size, shape and composition of fine silicate particles may potentially offer insights into preemission, synemission, and postemission processes. The mass flux of fine silicate particles from Mt. Etna released during noneruptive volcanic degassing in 2004 and 2005 was estimated to be ~ 7000 kg d⁻¹. Analysis of the particles in the range 0.1 < d/μm < 100 by ion chromatography shows that there are persistent differences in the size distributions of sulfate aerosols between the two main summit plumes. Analysis of particles in the range 0.01 μm < d < 0.1 μm by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) shows that there are significant levels of nanoparticles in the Mt. Etna plumes although their compositions remain uncertain. |
| spellingShingle | Earth sciences Martin, R Mather, T Pyle, D Power, M Allen, A Aiuppa, A Horwell, C Ward, E Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes |
| title | Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes |
| title_full | Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes |
| title_fullStr | Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes |
| title_short | Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes |
| title_sort | composition resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the mt etna plumes |
| topic | Earth sciences |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martinr compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT mathert compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT pyled compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT powerm compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT allena compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT aiuppaa compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT horwellc compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes AT warde compositionresolvedsizedistributionsofvolcanicaerosolsinthemtetnaplumes |