Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers
PAX-18 (polyaluminum chloride) is frequently used in WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) to overcome sludge bulking. An alternative biological method is the usage of Lecane rotifers, which can be endangered by predacious fungi. We investigated the influence of different PAX-18 concentrations on the...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer Nature
2021
|
| _version_ | 1826307486850744320 |
|---|---|
| author | Fiałkowska, E Fiałkowski, W Wilson, CG Pajdak-Stós, A |
| author_facet | Fiałkowska, E Fiałkowski, W Wilson, CG Pajdak-Stós, A |
| author_sort | Fiałkowska, E |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | PAX-18 (polyaluminum chloride) is frequently used in WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) to overcome sludge bulking. An alternative biological method is the usage of Lecane rotifers, which can be endangered by predacious fungi. We investigated the influence of different PAX-18 concentrations on the relationship between Lecane inermis and predacious fungi (Zoophagus and Lecophagus) differing in feeding mode. High PAX concentration (6 mg Al3+ L−1) strongly limited the number of the rotifers, which in low concentration (1.2 mg Al3+ L−1), after an initial decline, increased, but significantly slower than in control. Under the simultaneous influence of Lecophagus and PAX, rotifers were driven almost extinct at the high concentration, but survived at the lower concentration and increased in the control. When treated with Zoophagus, only one or two rotifers survived in treatments and control. High concentrations of PAX significantly restricted the growth of fungi, whereas in low concentrations and control conditions, their length increased, with Zoophagus growing much quicker than Lecophagus. Zoophagus was significantly more efficient in trapping rotifers regardless of PAX concentration. The trapping ability of mycelium following extended exposure to PAX was strongly limited at high concentrations, in comparison to control. Conidia of Zoophagus turned out to be considerably more resistant to PAX-18 and starvation than Lecophagus conidia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:03:48Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:d2e8beb4-5b23-4324-8799-eba87be643a8 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:03:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:d2e8beb4-5b23-4324-8799-eba87be643a82022-03-31T09:22:18ZEffects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifersJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:d2e8beb4-5b23-4324-8799-eba87be643a8EnglishSymplectic ElementsSpringer Nature2021Fiałkowska, EFiałkowski, WWilson, CGPajdak-Stós, APAX-18 (polyaluminum chloride) is frequently used in WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) to overcome sludge bulking. An alternative biological method is the usage of Lecane rotifers, which can be endangered by predacious fungi. We investigated the influence of different PAX-18 concentrations on the relationship between Lecane inermis and predacious fungi (Zoophagus and Lecophagus) differing in feeding mode. High PAX concentration (6 mg Al3+ L−1) strongly limited the number of the rotifers, which in low concentration (1.2 mg Al3+ L−1), after an initial decline, increased, but significantly slower than in control. Under the simultaneous influence of Lecophagus and PAX, rotifers were driven almost extinct at the high concentration, but survived at the lower concentration and increased in the control. When treated with Zoophagus, only one or two rotifers survived in treatments and control. High concentrations of PAX significantly restricted the growth of fungi, whereas in low concentrations and control conditions, their length increased, with Zoophagus growing much quicker than Lecophagus. Zoophagus was significantly more efficient in trapping rotifers regardless of PAX concentration. The trapping ability of mycelium following extended exposure to PAX was strongly limited at high concentrations, in comparison to control. Conidia of Zoophagus turned out to be considerably more resistant to PAX-18 and starvation than Lecophagus conidia. |
| spellingShingle | Fiałkowska, E Fiałkowski, W Wilson, CG Pajdak-Stós, A Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers |
| title | Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers |
| title_full | Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers |
| title_fullStr | Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers |
| title_short | Effects of polyaluminum chloride (PAX-18) on the relationship between predatory fungi and Lecane rotifers |
| title_sort | effects of polyaluminum chloride pax 18 on the relationship between predatory fungi and lecane rotifers |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fiałkowskae effectsofpolyaluminumchloridepax18ontherelationshipbetweenpredatoryfungiandlecanerotifers AT fiałkowskiw effectsofpolyaluminumchloridepax18ontherelationshipbetweenpredatoryfungiandlecanerotifers AT wilsoncg effectsofpolyaluminumchloridepax18ontherelationshipbetweenpredatoryfungiandlecanerotifers AT pajdakstosa effectsofpolyaluminumchloridepax18ontherelationshipbetweenpredatoryfungiandlecanerotifers |