Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members
<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Family studies of antiviral immunity provide an opportunity to assess virus-specific immunity in infected and highly exposed individuals, as well as to examine the dynamics of viral infection within families. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 bet...
| Hoofdauteurs: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formaat: | Journal article |
| Taal: | English |
| Gepubliceerd in: |
Frontiers Media
2023
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| _version_ | 1826311461623824384 |
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| author | Jay, C Adland, E Csala, A Dold, C Edmans, M Hackstein, C-P Jamsen, A Lim, N Longet, S Ogbe, A Sampson, O Skelly, D Spiller, OB Stafford, L Thompson, CP Turtle, L Barnes, E Dunachie, S Carroll, M Klenerman, P Conlon, C Goulder, P Jones, LC |
| author_facet | Jay, C Adland, E Csala, A Dold, C Edmans, M Hackstein, C-P Jamsen, A Lim, N Longet, S Ogbe, A Sampson, O Skelly, D Spiller, OB Stafford, L Thompson, CP Turtle, L Barnes, E Dunachie, S Carroll, M Klenerman, P Conlon, C Goulder, P Jones, LC |
| author_sort | Jay, C |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Family studies of antiviral immunity provide an opportunity to assess virus-specific immunity in infected and highly exposed individuals, as well as to examine the dynamics of viral infection within families. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between family members represented a major route for viral spread during the early stages of the pandemic, due to the nature of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through close contacts.</p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> Here, humoral and cellular immunity is explored in 264 SARS-CoV-2 infected, exposed or unexposed individuals from 81 families in the United Kingdom sampled in the winter of 2020 before widespread vaccination and infection.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> We describe robust cellular and humoral immunity into COVID-19 convalescence, albeit with marked heterogeneity between families and between individuals. T-cell response magnitude is associated with male sex and older age by multiple linear regression. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses in seronegative individuals are widespread, particularly in adults and in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 through an infected family member. The magnitude of this response is associated with the number of seropositive family members, with a greater number of seropositive individuals within a family leading to stronger T-cell immunity in seronegative individuals.</p>
<p><strong>Discussion:</strong> These results support a model whereby exposure to SARS-CoV-2 promotes T-cell immunity in the absence of an antibody response. The source of these seronegative T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 has been suggested as cross-reactive immunity to endemic coronaviruses that is expanded upon SARS-CoV-2 exposure. However, in this study, no association between HCoV-specific immunity and seronegative T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is identified, suggesting that de novo T-cell immunity may be generated in seronegative SARS-CoV-2 exposed individuals.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:10:12Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:d46427d4-3ee1-47f2-922c-0bd61e18ffa6 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T08:10:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:d46427d4-3ee1-47f2-922c-0bd61e18ffa62023-11-20T06:51:26ZCellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family membersJournal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:d46427d4-3ee1-47f2-922c-0bd61e18ffa6EnglishSymplectic ElementsFrontiers Media2023Jay, CAdland, ECsala, ADold, CEdmans, MHackstein, C-PJamsen, ALim, NLonget, SOgbe, ASampson, OSkelly, DSpiller, OBStafford, LThompson, CPTurtle, LBarnes, EDunachie, SCarroll, MKlenerman, PConlon, CGoulder, PJones, LC<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Family studies of antiviral immunity provide an opportunity to assess virus-specific immunity in infected and highly exposed individuals, as well as to examine the dynamics of viral infection within families. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 between family members represented a major route for viral spread during the early stages of the pandemic, due to the nature of SARS-CoV-2 transmission through close contacts.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Here, humoral and cellular immunity is explored in 264 SARS-CoV-2 infected, exposed or unexposed individuals from 81 families in the United Kingdom sampled in the winter of 2020 before widespread vaccination and infection.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> We describe robust cellular and humoral immunity into COVID-19 convalescence, albeit with marked heterogeneity between families and between individuals. T-cell response magnitude is associated with male sex and older age by multiple linear regression. SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses in seronegative individuals are widespread, particularly in adults and in individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2 through an infected family member. The magnitude of this response is associated with the number of seropositive family members, with a greater number of seropositive individuals within a family leading to stronger T-cell immunity in seronegative individuals.</p> <p><strong>Discussion:</strong> These results support a model whereby exposure to SARS-CoV-2 promotes T-cell immunity in the absence of an antibody response. The source of these seronegative T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 has been suggested as cross-reactive immunity to endemic coronaviruses that is expanded upon SARS-CoV-2 exposure. However, in this study, no association between HCoV-specific immunity and seronegative T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is identified, suggesting that de novo T-cell immunity may be generated in seronegative SARS-CoV-2 exposed individuals.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Jay, C Adland, E Csala, A Dold, C Edmans, M Hackstein, C-P Jamsen, A Lim, N Longet, S Ogbe, A Sampson, O Skelly, D Spiller, OB Stafford, L Thompson, CP Turtle, L Barnes, E Dunachie, S Carroll, M Klenerman, P Conlon, C Goulder, P Jones, LC Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
| title | Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
| title_full | Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
| title_fullStr | Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
| title_short | Cellular immunity to SARS-CoV-2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
| title_sort | cellular immunity to sars cov 2 following intrafamilial exposure in seronegative family members |
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