Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde)
<p><strong>Aim:</strong> To identify the ecological consequences of the integrated impacts of a regional drying trend, volcanic eruptions, and human mass migrations in a spatially constrained environment—a small, dry oceanic island in Macaronesia.</p> <p><strong>...
| Главные авторы: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Формат: | Journal article |
| Язык: | English |
| Опубликовано: |
Wiley
2021
|
| _version_ | 1826300259151642624 |
|---|---|
| author | Castilla-Beltrain, A de Nascimento, L Fernandez-Palacio, JM Whittaker, RJ Romeirase, MM Cundy, AB Edwards, M Nogue, S |
| author_facet | Castilla-Beltrain, A de Nascimento, L Fernandez-Palacio, JM Whittaker, RJ Romeirase, MM Cundy, AB Edwards, M Nogue, S |
| author_sort | Castilla-Beltrain, A |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Aim:</strong> To identify the ecological consequences of the integrated impacts of a regional drying trend, volcanic eruptions, and human mass migrations in a spatially constrained environment—a small, dry oceanic island in Macaronesia.</p>
<p><strong>Location:</strong> Brava Island, Republic of Cabo Verde.</p>
<p><strong>Taxa:</strong> Terrestrial vegetation and fungi.</p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> We use palaeoecological analyses applied to a caldera soil profile that dates back to 9700 cal yr BP (calibrated years before the present). Analyses include pollen (vegetation history), non-pollen palynomorphs (changes in fern and fungal communities), grain-size distribution, loss-on-ignition and geochemistry (sedimentology and erosion regimes), microscopic tephra shards (volcanic ash deposition) and charcoal (fire regime).</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> A regional drying trend after c. 4000 cal yr BP caused increased erosion but had limited immediate impacts on highland grassland vegetation. The expansion of fern-rich woody scrubland was contemporaneous with significant deposition of volcanic ash and erosion between 1800 and 650 cal yr BP. About 300 cal yr BP, exogenous plants expanded, grazing and fires increased, and there was a decrease of native vegetation cover.</p>
<p><strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Throughout the Holocene, highland vegetation in Brava was characterised by the presence of open landscapes dominated by herbaceous species (e.g. Poaceae, Forsskaolea), with some presence of woody native taxa (e.g. Ficus, Dodonaea). A regional drying trend was a driver of erosion since the Mid Holocene but did not have an immediate influence on highland vegetation. Tephra deposition is a possible driver of vegetation change. Inter-island mass migration after volcanic events in Fogo Island c. 1680 CE potentially triggered land-use change and intensification, causing a reduction of native vegetation in Brava.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T05:14:27Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:dcb08dcf-1f34-43a8-bcd1-17a24a444bba |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T05:14:27Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:dcb08dcf-1f34-43a8-bcd1-17a24a444bba2022-03-27T09:19:24ZEffects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde)Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:dcb08dcf-1f34-43a8-bcd1-17a24a444bbaEnglishSymplectic ElementsWiley2021Castilla-Beltrain, Ade Nascimento, LFernandez-Palacio, JMWhittaker, RJRomeirase, MMCundy, ABEdwards, MNogue, S<p><strong>Aim:</strong> To identify the ecological consequences of the integrated impacts of a regional drying trend, volcanic eruptions, and human mass migrations in a spatially constrained environment—a small, dry oceanic island in Macaronesia.</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Brava Island, Republic of Cabo Verde.</p> <p><strong>Taxa:</strong> Terrestrial vegetation and fungi.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> We use palaeoecological analyses applied to a caldera soil profile that dates back to 9700 cal yr BP (calibrated years before the present). Analyses include pollen (vegetation history), non-pollen palynomorphs (changes in fern and fungal communities), grain-size distribution, loss-on-ignition and geochemistry (sedimentology and erosion regimes), microscopic tephra shards (volcanic ash deposition) and charcoal (fire regime).</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> A regional drying trend after c. 4000 cal yr BP caused increased erosion but had limited immediate impacts on highland grassland vegetation. The expansion of fern-rich woody scrubland was contemporaneous with significant deposition of volcanic ash and erosion between 1800 and 650 cal yr BP. About 300 cal yr BP, exogenous plants expanded, grazing and fires increased, and there was a decrease of native vegetation cover.</p> <p><strong>Main conclusions:</strong> Throughout the Holocene, highland vegetation in Brava was characterised by the presence of open landscapes dominated by herbaceous species (e.g. Poaceae, Forsskaolea), with some presence of woody native taxa (e.g. Ficus, Dodonaea). A regional drying trend was a driver of erosion since the Mid Holocene but did not have an immediate influence on highland vegetation. Tephra deposition is a possible driver of vegetation change. Inter-island mass migration after volcanic events in Fogo Island c. 1680 CE potentially triggered land-use change and intensification, causing a reduction of native vegetation in Brava.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Castilla-Beltrain, A de Nascimento, L Fernandez-Palacio, JM Whittaker, RJ Romeirase, MM Cundy, AB Edwards, M Nogue, S Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde) |
| title | Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde) |
| title_full | Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde) |
| title_short | Effects of Holocene climate change, volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small, dry island (Brava, Cabo Verde) |
| title_sort | effects of holocene climate change volcanism and mass migration on the ecosystem of a small dry island brava cabo verde |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT castillabeltraina effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT denascimentol effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT fernandezpalaciojm effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT whittakerrj effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT romeirasemm effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT cundyab effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT edwardsm effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde AT nogues effectsofholoceneclimatechangevolcanismandmassmigrationontheecosystemofasmalldryislandbravacaboverde |