A Multilevel Approach to Motivational Climate in Physical Education and Sport Settings: An Individual or a Group Level Construct?

Motivational climate is inherently a group-level construct so that longitudinal, multilevel designs are needed to evaluate its effects on subsequent outcomes. Based on a large sample of physical education classes (2,786 students, 200 classes, 67 teachers), we evaluated the effects of classroom motiv...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Papaioannou, A, Marsh, H, Theodorakis, Y
Format: Journal article
Language:English
Published: 2004