Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study.
OBJECTIVES: To estimate 10 year decline in cognitive function from longitudinal data in a middle aged cohort and to examine whether age cohorts can be compared with cross sectional data to infer the effect of age on cognitive decline. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. At study inception in 1985-8, t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
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2012
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| _version_ | 1797102712113856512 |
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| author | Singh-Manoux, A Kivimaki, M Glymour, M Elbaz, A Berr, C Ebmeier, K Ferrie, J Dugravot, A |
| author_facet | Singh-Manoux, A Kivimaki, M Glymour, M Elbaz, A Berr, C Ebmeier, K Ferrie, J Dugravot, A |
| author_sort | Singh-Manoux, A |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | OBJECTIVES: To estimate 10 year decline in cognitive function from longitudinal data in a middle aged cohort and to examine whether age cohorts can be compared with cross sectional data to infer the effect of age on cognitive decline. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. At study inception in 1985-8, there were 10,308 participants, representing a recruitment rate of 73%. SETTING: Civil service departments in London, United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: 5198 men and 2192 women, aged 45-70 at the beginning of cognitive testing in 1997-9. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Tests of memory, reasoning, vocabulary, and phonemic and semantic fluency, assessed three times over 10 years. RESULTS: All cognitive scores, except vocabulary, declined in all five age categories (age 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, and 65-70 at baseline), with evidence of faster decline in older people. In men, the 10 year decline, shown as change/range of test × 100, in reasoning was -3.6% (95% confidence interval -4.1% to -3.0%) in those aged 45-49 at baseline and -9.6% (-10.6% to -8.6%) in those aged 65-70. In women, the corresponding decline was -3.6% (-4.6% to -2.7%) and -7.4% (-9.1% to -5.7%). Comparisons of longitudinal and cross sectional effects of age suggest that the latter overestimate decline in women because of cohort differences in education. For example, in women aged 45-49 the longitudinal analysis showed reasoning to have declined by -3.6% (-4.5% to -2.8%) but the cross sectional effects suggested a decline of -11.4% (-14.0% to -8.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive decline is already evident in middle age (age 45-49). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T06:09:40Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:ef093b5b-ee1a-4803-a46b-8ce58f9a78e4 |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T06:09:40Z |
| publishDate | 2012 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:ef093b5b-ee1a-4803-a46b-8ce58f9a78e42022-03-27T11:37:23ZTiming of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:ef093b5b-ee1a-4803-a46b-8ce58f9a78e4EnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2012Singh-Manoux, AKivimaki, MGlymour, MElbaz, ABerr, CEbmeier, KFerrie, JDugravot, AOBJECTIVES: To estimate 10 year decline in cognitive function from longitudinal data in a middle aged cohort and to examine whether age cohorts can be compared with cross sectional data to infer the effect of age on cognitive decline. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. At study inception in 1985-8, there were 10,308 participants, representing a recruitment rate of 73%. SETTING: Civil service departments in London, United Kingdom. PARTICIPANTS: 5198 men and 2192 women, aged 45-70 at the beginning of cognitive testing in 1997-9. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Tests of memory, reasoning, vocabulary, and phonemic and semantic fluency, assessed three times over 10 years. RESULTS: All cognitive scores, except vocabulary, declined in all five age categories (age 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, and 65-70 at baseline), with evidence of faster decline in older people. In men, the 10 year decline, shown as change/range of test × 100, in reasoning was -3.6% (95% confidence interval -4.1% to -3.0%) in those aged 45-49 at baseline and -9.6% (-10.6% to -8.6%) in those aged 65-70. In women, the corresponding decline was -3.6% (-4.6% to -2.7%) and -7.4% (-9.1% to -5.7%). Comparisons of longitudinal and cross sectional effects of age suggest that the latter overestimate decline in women because of cohort differences in education. For example, in women aged 45-49 the longitudinal analysis showed reasoning to have declined by -3.6% (-4.5% to -2.8%) but the cross sectional effects suggested a decline of -11.4% (-14.0% to -8.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive decline is already evident in middle age (age 45-49). |
| spellingShingle | Singh-Manoux, A Kivimaki, M Glymour, M Elbaz, A Berr, C Ebmeier, K Ferrie, J Dugravot, A Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study. |
| title | Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study. |
| title_full | Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study. |
| title_fullStr | Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study. |
| title_short | Timing of onset of cognitive decline: results from Whitehall II prospective cohort study. |
| title_sort | timing of onset of cognitive decline results from whitehall ii prospective cohort study |
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