Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2)
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the risk of COVID-19 death following infection from Omicron BA.1 relative to Delta (B.1.617.2).</p> <p><strong>Design:</strong> Retrospective cohort study.</p> <p><strong>Setting:</strong> En...
| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Médium: | Journal article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydáno: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2022
|
| _version_ | 1826308211364331520 |
|---|---|
| author | Ward, IL Bermingham, C Ayoubkhani, D Gethings, OJ Pouwels, KB Yates, T Khunit, K Hippisley-Cox, J Banerjee, A Walker, AS Nafilyan, V |
| author_facet | Ward, IL Bermingham, C Ayoubkhani, D Gethings, OJ Pouwels, KB Yates, T Khunit, K Hippisley-Cox, J Banerjee, A Walker, AS Nafilyan, V |
| author_sort | Ward, IL |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | <p><strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the risk of COVID-19 death following infection from Omicron BA.1 relative to Delta (B.1.617.2).</p>
<p><strong>Design:</strong> Retrospective cohort study.</p>
<p><strong>Setting:</strong> England, UK, 1 December 2021 to 30st December 2021.</p>
<p><strong>Participants:</strong> 1,035,149 people aged 18-100 years who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the national surveillance programme, and had an infection identified as either Omicron BA.1- or Delta compatible.</p>
<p><strong>Main outcome measures:</strong> COVID-19 death as identified from death certification records. The exposure of interest was the SARS-CoV-2 variant identified from NHS Test and Trace PCR positive tests taken in the community (pillar 2) and analysed by Lighthouse laboratories. Cause-specific Cox proportional hazard regression models (censoring non-COVID-19 deaths) were adjusted for sex, age, vaccination status, previous infection, calendar time, ethnicity, Index of Multiple Deprivation rank, household deprivation, university degree, keyworker status, country of birth, main language, region, disability, and comorbidities. Additionally, we tested for interactions between variant and sex, age, vaccination status and comorbidities.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> The risk of COVID-19 death was 66% lower (95% CI: 54% to 75%) for Omicron BA.1 compared to Delta. The reduction in the risk of death involving COVID-19 for Omicron compared to Delta was more pronounced in 18-59-year-olds (HR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.07 to 0.27) compared to individuals over 70 years of age (HR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.32 to 0.61) (p < 0.0001). We find no evidence of a difference in risk between variant and number of comorbidities (0, 1-2, 3+).</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our results support early work showing the relative reduction in severity of Omicron BA.1 compared to Delta in terms of hospitalisation and extends this research to assess COVID-19 mortality.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:16:07Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:f58b35e2-2a6a-44a4-ae5c-8c6df8eb041b |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T07:16:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:f58b35e2-2a6a-44a4-ae5c-8c6df8eb041b2022-08-05T11:05:38ZRisk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2)Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:f58b35e2-2a6a-44a4-ae5c-8c6df8eb041bEnglishSymplectic ElementsBMJ Publishing Group2022Ward, ILBermingham, CAyoubkhani, DGethings, OJPouwels, KBYates, TKhunit, KHippisley-Cox, JBanerjee, AWalker, ASNafilyan, V<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the risk of COVID-19 death following infection from Omicron BA.1 relative to Delta (B.1.617.2).</p> <p><strong>Design:</strong> Retrospective cohort study.</p> <p><strong>Setting:</strong> England, UK, 1 December 2021 to 30st December 2021.</p> <p><strong>Participants:</strong> 1,035,149 people aged 18-100 years who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in the national surveillance programme, and had an infection identified as either Omicron BA.1- or Delta compatible.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome measures:</strong> COVID-19 death as identified from death certification records. The exposure of interest was the SARS-CoV-2 variant identified from NHS Test and Trace PCR positive tests taken in the community (pillar 2) and analysed by Lighthouse laboratories. Cause-specific Cox proportional hazard regression models (censoring non-COVID-19 deaths) were adjusted for sex, age, vaccination status, previous infection, calendar time, ethnicity, Index of Multiple Deprivation rank, household deprivation, university degree, keyworker status, country of birth, main language, region, disability, and comorbidities. Additionally, we tested for interactions between variant and sex, age, vaccination status and comorbidities.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The risk of COVID-19 death was 66% lower (95% CI: 54% to 75%) for Omicron BA.1 compared to Delta. The reduction in the risk of death involving COVID-19 for Omicron compared to Delta was more pronounced in 18-59-year-olds (HR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.07 to 0.27) compared to individuals over 70 years of age (HR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.32 to 0.61) (p < 0.0001). We find no evidence of a difference in risk between variant and number of comorbidities (0, 1-2, 3+).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our results support early work showing the relative reduction in severity of Omicron BA.1 compared to Delta in terms of hospitalisation and extends this research to assess COVID-19 mortality.</p> |
| spellingShingle | Ward, IL Bermingham, C Ayoubkhani, D Gethings, OJ Pouwels, KB Yates, T Khunit, K Hippisley-Cox, J Banerjee, A Walker, AS Nafilyan, V Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2) |
| title | Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2) |
| title_full | Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2) |
| title_fullStr | Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2) |
| title_short | Risk of COVID-19 related deaths for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) compared with Delta (B.1.617.2) |
| title_sort | risk of covid 19 related deaths for sars cov 2 omicron b 1 1 529 compared with delta b 1 617 2 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wardil riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT berminghamc riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT ayoubkhanid riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT gethingsoj riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT pouwelskb riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT yatest riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT khunitk riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT hippisleycoxj riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT banerjeea riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT walkeras riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 AT nafilyanv riskofcovid19relateddeathsforsarscov2omicronb11529comparedwithdeltab16172 |