Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms.
After hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, liver injury and viral control have been thought to result from lysis of infected hepatocytes by virus-specific cytotoxic T cells. Patients are usually studied only after developing significant liver injury, and so the viral and immune events during the incub...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2000
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| _version_ | 1826305803284381696 |
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| author | Webster, G Reignat, S Maini, M Whalley, SA Ogg, G King, A Brown, D Amlot, P Williams, R Vergani, D Dusheiko, G Bertoletti, A |
| author_facet | Webster, G Reignat, S Maini, M Whalley, SA Ogg, G King, A Brown, D Amlot, P Williams, R Vergani, D Dusheiko, G Bertoletti, A |
| author_sort | Webster, G |
| collection | OXFORD |
| description | After hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, liver injury and viral control have been thought to result from lysis of infected hepatocytes by virus-specific cytotoxic T cells. Patients are usually studied only after developing significant liver injury, and so the viral and immune events during the incubation phase of disease have not been defined. During a single-source outbreak of HBV infection, we identified patients before the onset of symptomatic hepatitis. The dynamics of HBV replication, liver injury, and HBV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ cell responses were investigated from incubation to recovery. Although a rise in alanine transaminase (ALT) levels was present at the time of the initial fall in HBV-DNA levels, maximal reduction in virus level occurred before significant liver injury. Direct ex vivo quantification of HBV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ cells, by using human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I tetramers and intracellular cytokine staining, showed that adaptive immune mechanisms are present during the incubation phase, at least 4 weeks before symptoms. The results suggest that the pattern of reduction in HBV replication is not directly proportional to tissue injury during acute hepatitis B in humans. Furthermore, because virus-specific immune responses and significant reductions in viral replication are seen during the incubation phase, it is likely that the immune events central to viral control occur before symptomatic disease. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T06:38:23Z |
| format | Journal article |
| id | oxford-uuid:f870cdd7-8df8-4c2a-850e-e7d35d6ed16b |
| institution | University of Oxford |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T06:38:23Z |
| publishDate | 2000 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oxford-uuid:f870cdd7-8df8-4c2a-850e-e7d35d6ed16b2022-03-27T12:50:15ZIncubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms.Journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_dcae04bcuuid:f870cdd7-8df8-4c2a-850e-e7d35d6ed16bEnglishSymplectic Elements at Oxford2000Webster, GReignat, SMaini, MWhalley, SAOgg, GKing, ABrown, DAmlot, PWilliams, RVergani, DDusheiko, GBertoletti, AAfter hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, liver injury and viral control have been thought to result from lysis of infected hepatocytes by virus-specific cytotoxic T cells. Patients are usually studied only after developing significant liver injury, and so the viral and immune events during the incubation phase of disease have not been defined. During a single-source outbreak of HBV infection, we identified patients before the onset of symptomatic hepatitis. The dynamics of HBV replication, liver injury, and HBV-specific CD8+ and CD4+ cell responses were investigated from incubation to recovery. Although a rise in alanine transaminase (ALT) levels was present at the time of the initial fall in HBV-DNA levels, maximal reduction in virus level occurred before significant liver injury. Direct ex vivo quantification of HBV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ cells, by using human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I tetramers and intracellular cytokine staining, showed that adaptive immune mechanisms are present during the incubation phase, at least 4 weeks before symptoms. The results suggest that the pattern of reduction in HBV replication is not directly proportional to tissue injury during acute hepatitis B in humans. Furthermore, because virus-specific immune responses and significant reductions in viral replication are seen during the incubation phase, it is likely that the immune events central to viral control occur before symptomatic disease. |
| spellingShingle | Webster, G Reignat, S Maini, M Whalley, SA Ogg, G King, A Brown, D Amlot, P Williams, R Vergani, D Dusheiko, G Bertoletti, A Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. |
| title | Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. |
| title_full | Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. |
| title_fullStr | Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. |
| title_short | Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. |
| title_sort | incubation phase of acute hepatitis b in man dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms |
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