| Summary: | <p>A comprehensive study of the reverse loading in Ti-6Al-4V hereafter, Ti64 alloys including strain rate and pressure effects (strength differential), is conducted in order to improve the understanding of the deformation mechanisms in Ti64 and characterise its Bauschinger effect.</p>
<p>Strain controlled quasi-static, and high strain rate reverse loading tests are performed, providing novel data to conduct a series of explicit finite element (FEA) simulations with the objective to determine the capabilities of widely used constitutive models to predict the material response under cyclic loading.</p>
<p>The analysis of the experimental data shows that the Bauschinger effect (B.E.) in the material is manifested principally as the loss of a distinct transition between elastic and plastic dominated deformation regions (transient softening), leading to the lowering of the plastic work expended during the straining of the material.</p>
<p>The analysis of the strain rate effects on the cyclic response of the material, allows to identify an inversely proportional relationship between strain rate and B.E. as well as a higher prominence of the aforementioned drop in the plastic work when the loading is conducted in the opposite direction to the pre-strain.</p>
<p>The numerical study conducted shows that general, widely used constitutive models calibrated with monotonic data are not able to accurately predict the cyclic loading response of Ti-6Al-4V alloys, proving the importance of the Bauschinger effect as factor to consider in order to obtain reliable models of the material’s response to complex loading.</p>
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