Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia
The limestone hill of Batu Caves is slowly being turned into a recreation park for slope climbing, base jumping and cave exploring. Quantitative assessment on the stability of the cave is essential to ensure the safety of tourists and visitors. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
2018
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| Online Access: | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11980/1/07%20Goh%20Thian%20Lai.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796931592442085376 |
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| author | Goh, Thian Lai Wong, Jia Mang Abdul Ghani Rafek, Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Nur Amanina Mazlan, Ainul Mardhiyah Mohd Razib, Azimah Hussin, Lee, Khai Ern Tuan Rusli Mohamed, |
| author_facet | Goh, Thian Lai Wong, Jia Mang Abdul Ghani Rafek, Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Nur Amanina Mazlan, Ainul Mardhiyah Mohd Razib, Azimah Hussin, Lee, Khai Ern Tuan Rusli Mohamed, |
| author_sort | Goh, Thian Lai |
| collection | UKM |
| description | The limestone hill of Batu Caves is slowly being turned into a recreation park for slope climbing, base jumping and cave exploring. Quantitative assessment on the stability of the cave is essential to ensure the safety of tourists and visitors. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the stability of Gua Damai, Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia by using the Q system for rock mass classification, together with other factors such as cave width and thickness of the cave roof. The stability of the limestone cave wall was evaluated using Slope Mass Rating (SMR). A discontinuity survey conducted along the slopes beneath the opening of the cave showed that the rock mass comprised of four major joint sets labeled as J1, J2, J3, and J4 with the dip directions and angles of 110˚/73˚, 325˚/87˚, 243˚/39˚ and 054˚/30˚, respectively. The result of kinematic analysis showed that the dip direction/dip angle of a potential wedge failure was 051˚/59˚. By referring to the ratio of cave roof thickness with cave width, the results showed that the cave is stable. Based on the relationship between Q system and the cave width, the stabilities of Section 4 of Gua Damai is stable while Section 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 require supports. Based on SMR, the cave walls stability at Portion c, d, and f were not stable while Portion a, b, e and g were stable. Overall, the most stable part of the cave is Section 4 followed by Sections 5 and 2. Sections 1, 3 and 8 are moderately stable while Sections 6 and 7 have poor stability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T04:20:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ukm.eprints-11980 |
| institution | Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T04:20:14Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ukm.eprints-119802018-08-17T08:53:46Z http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11980/ Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia Goh, Thian Lai Wong, Jia Mang Abdul Ghani Rafek, Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Nur Amanina Mazlan, Ainul Mardhiyah Mohd Razib, Azimah Hussin, Lee, Khai Ern Tuan Rusli Mohamed, The limestone hill of Batu Caves is slowly being turned into a recreation park for slope climbing, base jumping and cave exploring. Quantitative assessment on the stability of the cave is essential to ensure the safety of tourists and visitors. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the stability of Gua Damai, Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia by using the Q system for rock mass classification, together with other factors such as cave width and thickness of the cave roof. The stability of the limestone cave wall was evaluated using Slope Mass Rating (SMR). A discontinuity survey conducted along the slopes beneath the opening of the cave showed that the rock mass comprised of four major joint sets labeled as J1, J2, J3, and J4 with the dip directions and angles of 110˚/73˚, 325˚/87˚, 243˚/39˚ and 054˚/30˚, respectively. The result of kinematic analysis showed that the dip direction/dip angle of a potential wedge failure was 051˚/59˚. By referring to the ratio of cave roof thickness with cave width, the results showed that the cave is stable. Based on the relationship between Q system and the cave width, the stabilities of Section 4 of Gua Damai is stable while Section 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8 require supports. Based on SMR, the cave walls stability at Portion c, d, and f were not stable while Portion a, b, e and g were stable. Overall, the most stable part of the cave is Section 4 followed by Sections 5 and 2. Sections 1, 3 and 8 are moderately stable while Sections 6 and 7 have poor stability. Penerbit Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 2018-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11980/1/07%20Goh%20Thian%20Lai.pdf Goh, Thian Lai and Wong, Jia Mang and Abdul Ghani Rafek, and Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, and Nur Amanina Mazlan, and Ainul Mardhiyah Mohd Razib, and Azimah Hussin, and Lee, Khai Ern and Tuan Rusli Mohamed, (2018) Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana, 47 (1). pp. 59-66. ISSN 0126-6039 http://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol47num1_2018/contentsVol47num1_2018.html |
| spellingShingle | Goh, Thian Lai Wong, Jia Mang Abdul Ghani Rafek, Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Nur Amanina Mazlan, Ainul Mardhiyah Mohd Razib, Azimah Hussin, Lee, Khai Ern Tuan Rusli Mohamed, Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title | Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_full | Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_short | Stability assessment of limestone cave: Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_sort | stability assessment of limestone cave batu caves selangor malaysia |
| url | http://journalarticle.ukm.my/11980/1/07%20Goh%20Thian%20Lai.pdf |
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