Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites
Novel acetylation process by substitution of acetic anhydride substitution with hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose (NCC) has been explored to increase its dispersion and interaction in nitrile butadiene (NBR) matrix. The crystallinity index was increased after modification when compared to unmodified...
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Springer Verlag
2018
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| author | Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Hamid, Sharifah Bee Abd |
| author_facet | Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Hamid, Sharifah Bee Abd |
| author_sort | Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad |
| collection | UM |
| description | Novel acetylation process by substitution of acetic anhydride substitution with hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose (NCC) has been explored to increase its dispersion and interaction in nitrile butadiene (NBR) matrix. The crystallinity index was increased after modification when compared to unmodified NCC, but no significant different with increases of treatment time from 1 hour to 3 hours treatments proven by X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. The Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) showed the existent of acetyl groups on surface of the NCC after treatment by existent of the peak 1736 cm-1 that attributed to carbonyl groups some peaks were observed at 1430, 1361 and 1248 cm-1 and confirmed on the acetylation process. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) also show the present of acetyl groups by existent of the signal of proton methyl group at 1.90 ppm and new peaks at 5.42, 4.70 and 4.34 ppm, for all ACN samples. The thermal results by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the acetylated NCCs were 10 % more thermally stable. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results showed that no significant changes were observed due to the acetylation process. The results also showed well distributed of individual NCC after acetylation, this improvement was primarily attributed to uniform dispersion of the ACN-NCC and less aggregated occurred. Due to its hydrophobic characteristics, highly crystalline and nano size, ACN-NCC brought a significant improvement up to 25 % on the mechanical properties of nitrile butadiene (NBR) rubber composites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:51:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | um.eprints-20574 |
| institution | Universiti Malaya |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:51:37Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Springer Verlag |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | um.eprints-205742019-03-04T04:32:40Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/20574/ Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Hamid, Sharifah Bee Abd Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology Novel acetylation process by substitution of acetic anhydride substitution with hydroxyl groups on nanocellulose (NCC) has been explored to increase its dispersion and interaction in nitrile butadiene (NBR) matrix. The crystallinity index was increased after modification when compared to unmodified NCC, but no significant different with increases of treatment time from 1 hour to 3 hours treatments proven by X-ray diffraction (XRD) results. The Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) showed the existent of acetyl groups on surface of the NCC after treatment by existent of the peak 1736 cm-1 that attributed to carbonyl groups some peaks were observed at 1430, 1361 and 1248 cm-1 and confirmed on the acetylation process. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) also show the present of acetyl groups by existent of the signal of proton methyl group at 1.90 ppm and new peaks at 5.42, 4.70 and 4.34 ppm, for all ACN samples. The thermal results by thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the acetylated NCCs were 10 % more thermally stable. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) results showed that no significant changes were observed due to the acetylation process. The results also showed well distributed of individual NCC after acetylation, this improvement was primarily attributed to uniform dispersion of the ACN-NCC and less aggregated occurred. Due to its hydrophobic characteristics, highly crystalline and nano size, ACN-NCC brought a significant improvement up to 25 % on the mechanical properties of nitrile butadiene (NBR) rubber composites. Springer Verlag 2018 Article PeerReviewed Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad and Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi and Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd and Hamid, Sharifah Bee Abd (2018) Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites. Fibers and Polymers, 19 (2). pp. 383-392. ISSN 1229-9197, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-018-7591-z <https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-018-7591-z>. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12221-018-7591-z doi:10.1007/s12221-018-7591-z |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology Taib, Mohamad Nurul Azman Mohammad Yehye, Wageeh Abdulhadi Julkapli, Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Hamid, Sharifah Bee Abd Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites |
| title | Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites |
| title_full | Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites |
| title_short | Influence of Hydrophobicity of Acetylated Nanocellulose on the Mechanical Performance of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) Composites |
| title_sort | influence of hydrophobicity of acetylated nanocellulose on the mechanical performance of nitrile butadiene rubber nbr composites |
| topic | Q Science (General) QD Chemistry TP Chemical technology |
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