Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process
rch deals with the effect of the temperature on the physical, thermal, electrochemical, and adsorption properties of the carbon micro-spheres using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Until recently, limited research has been conducted regarding the effects of delignification during the HTC process of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Published: |
MDPI
2018
|
| Subjects: |
| _version_ | 1796961579950931968 |
|---|---|
| author | Chowdhury, Zaira Zaman Krishnan, Bagavathi Sagadevan, Suresh Rafique, Rahman Faizur Hamizi, Nor Aliya Wahab, Yasmin Abdul Khan, Ali Akbar Johan, Mohd Rafie Al-Douri, Yarub Kazi, Salim Newaz Shah, Syed Tawab |
| author_facet | Chowdhury, Zaira Zaman Krishnan, Bagavathi Sagadevan, Suresh Rafique, Rahman Faizur Hamizi, Nor Aliya Wahab, Yasmin Abdul Khan, Ali Akbar Johan, Mohd Rafie Al-Douri, Yarub Kazi, Salim Newaz Shah, Syed Tawab |
| author_sort | Chowdhury, Zaira Zaman |
| collection | UM |
| description | rch deals with the effect of the temperature on the physical, thermal, electrochemical, and adsorption properties of the carbon micro-spheres using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Until recently, limited research has been conducted regarding the effects of delignification during the HTC process of biomass residues especially Dimocarpus longan. In this regard, lignin was first extracted from the lingo-cellulosic waste of Longan fruit peel (Dimocarpus longan). The holocellulose (HC) separated from lignin and raw biomass substrates (Longan fruit exocarp/peel powder, LFP) were carbonized at different temperatures using water as the green catalyst. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was performed for both of the samples (LFP and HC) at 200°C, 250°C, and 300°C for 24 h each. The surface morphological structures, the porosity, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the prepared micro-spherical carbon were determined. The BET surface areas obtained for HC-based carbon samples were lower than that of the raw LFP based carbon samples. The carbon obtained was characterized using ultimate and proximate analyses. The surface morphological features and phase transformation of the synthesized micro-spherical carbon was characterized by a field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results demonstrated that the extraction of lignin could significantly alter the end properties of the synthesized carbon sample. The carbon spheres derived from LFP showed a higher carbon content than the HC-based carbon. The absence of lignin in the holo-cellulose (HC) made it easy to disintegrate in comparison to the raw, LFP-based carbon samples during the HTC process. The carbonaceous samples (LFP-300 and HC-300) prepared at 300°C were selected and their adsorption performance for Pb (II) cations was observed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin linear isotherm models. At 30°C, the equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model more than the Freundlich and Temkin model for both the LFP-300 sample and the HC-300 sample. The potential of the synthesized carbon microspheres were further analyzed by thermodynamic characterizations of the adsorption equilibrium system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:56:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | um.eprints-22190 |
| institution | Universiti Malaya |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:56:13Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | um.eprints-221902019-09-04T02:12:54Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/22190/ Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process Chowdhury, Zaira Zaman Krishnan, Bagavathi Sagadevan, Suresh Rafique, Rahman Faizur Hamizi, Nor Aliya Wahab, Yasmin Abdul Khan, Ali Akbar Johan, Mohd Rafie Al-Douri, Yarub Kazi, Salim Newaz Shah, Syed Tawab Q Science (General) QC Physics TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery rch deals with the effect of the temperature on the physical, thermal, electrochemical, and adsorption properties of the carbon micro-spheres using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Until recently, limited research has been conducted regarding the effects of delignification during the HTC process of biomass residues especially Dimocarpus longan. In this regard, lignin was first extracted from the lingo-cellulosic waste of Longan fruit peel (Dimocarpus longan). The holocellulose (HC) separated from lignin and raw biomass substrates (Longan fruit exocarp/peel powder, LFP) were carbonized at different temperatures using water as the green catalyst. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was performed for both of the samples (LFP and HC) at 200°C, 250°C, and 300°C for 24 h each. The surface morphological structures, the porosity, and the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of the prepared micro-spherical carbon were determined. The BET surface areas obtained for HC-based carbon samples were lower than that of the raw LFP based carbon samples. The carbon obtained was characterized using ultimate and proximate analyses. The surface morphological features and phase transformation of the synthesized micro-spherical carbon was characterized by a field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The results demonstrated that the extraction of lignin could significantly alter the end properties of the synthesized carbon sample. The carbon spheres derived from LFP showed a higher carbon content than the HC-based carbon. The absence of lignin in the holo-cellulose (HC) made it easy to disintegrate in comparison to the raw, LFP-based carbon samples during the HTC process. The carbonaceous samples (LFP-300 and HC-300) prepared at 300°C were selected and their adsorption performance for Pb (II) cations was observed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin linear isotherm models. At 30°C, the equilibrium data followed the Langmuir isotherm model more than the Freundlich and Temkin model for both the LFP-300 sample and the HC-300 sample. The potential of the synthesized carbon microspheres were further analyzed by thermodynamic characterizations of the adsorption equilibrium system. MDPI 2018 Article PeerReviewed Chowdhury, Zaira Zaman and Krishnan, Bagavathi and Sagadevan, Suresh and Rafique, Rahman Faizur and Hamizi, Nor Aliya and Wahab, Yasmin Abdul and Khan, Ali Akbar and Johan, Mohd Rafie and Al-Douri, Yarub and Kazi, Salim Newaz and Shah, Syed Tawab (2018) Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process. Nanomaterials, 8 (8). p. 597. ISSN 2079-4991, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8080597 <https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8080597>. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8080597 doi:10.3390/nano8080597 |
| spellingShingle | Q Science (General) QC Physics TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery Chowdhury, Zaira Zaman Krishnan, Bagavathi Sagadevan, Suresh Rafique, Rahman Faizur Hamizi, Nor Aliya Wahab, Yasmin Abdul Khan, Ali Akbar Johan, Mohd Rafie Al-Douri, Yarub Kazi, Salim Newaz Shah, Syed Tawab Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process |
| title | Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process |
| title_full | Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process |
| title_short | Effect of Temperature on the Physical, Electro-Chemical and Adsorption Properties of Carbon Micro-Spheres Using Hydrothermal Carbonization Process |
| title_sort | effect of temperature on the physical electro chemical and adsorption properties of carbon micro spheres using hydrothermal carbonization process |
| topic | Q Science (General) QC Physics TJ Mechanical engineering and machinery |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chowdhuryzairazaman effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT krishnanbagavathi effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT sagadevansuresh effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT rafiquerahmanfaizur effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT hamizinoraliya effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT wahabyasminabdul effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT khanaliakbar effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT johanmohdrafie effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT aldouriyarub effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT kazisalimnewaz effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess AT shahsyedtawab effectoftemperatureonthephysicalelectrochemicalandadsorptionpropertiesofcarbonmicrospheresusinghydrothermalcarbonizationprocess |