Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus)
The protein abundances of phospholipases A2 in cobra venom proteomes appear to vary among cobra species. To determine the unique distribution of snake venom phospholipases A2 (svPLA2) in the cobras, the svPLA2 activities for 15 cobra species were examined with an acidimetric and a colorimetric assay...
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MDPI
2019
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| author | Tan, Choo Hock Wong, Kin Ying Tan, Nget Hong Ng, Tzu Shan Tan, Kae Yi |
| author_facet | Tan, Choo Hock Wong, Kin Ying Tan, Nget Hong Ng, Tzu Shan Tan, Kae Yi |
| author_sort | Tan, Choo Hock |
| collection | UM |
| description | The protein abundances of phospholipases A2 in cobra venom proteomes appear to vary among cobra species. To determine the unique distribution of snake venom phospholipases A2 (svPLA2) in the cobras, the svPLA2 activities for 15 cobra species were examined with an acidimetric and a colorimetric assay, using egg yolk suspension and 4-nitro-3-octanoyloxy benzoic acid (NOBA) as the substrate. The colorimetric assay showed significant correlation between svPLA2 enzymatic activities with the svPLA2 protein abundances in venoms. High svPLA2 activities were observed in the venoms of Asiatic spitting cobras (Naja sputatrix, Naja sumatrana) and moderate activities in Asiatic non-spitters (Naja naja, Naja atra, Naja kaouthia), African spitters (subgenus Afronaja), and forest cobra (subgenus Boulengerina). African non-spitting cobras of subgenus Uraeus (Naja haje, Naja annulifera, Naja nivea, Naja senegalensis) showed exceptionally low svPLA2 enzymatic activities. The negligible PLA2 activity in Uraeus cobra venoms implies that PLA2 may not be ubiquitous in all snake venoms. The svPLA2 in cobra envenoming varies depending on the cobra species. This may potentially influence the efficacy of cobra antivenom in specific use for venom neutralization. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:59:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | um.eprints-23323 |
| institution | Universiti Malaya |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:59:32Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | um.eprints-233232020-01-06T03:34:15Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/23323/ Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) Tan, Choo Hock Wong, Kin Ying Tan, Nget Hong Ng, Tzu Shan Tan, Kae Yi R Medicine The protein abundances of phospholipases A2 in cobra venom proteomes appear to vary among cobra species. To determine the unique distribution of snake venom phospholipases A2 (svPLA2) in the cobras, the svPLA2 activities for 15 cobra species were examined with an acidimetric and a colorimetric assay, using egg yolk suspension and 4-nitro-3-octanoyloxy benzoic acid (NOBA) as the substrate. The colorimetric assay showed significant correlation between svPLA2 enzymatic activities with the svPLA2 protein abundances in venoms. High svPLA2 activities were observed in the venoms of Asiatic spitting cobras (Naja sputatrix, Naja sumatrana) and moderate activities in Asiatic non-spitters (Naja naja, Naja atra, Naja kaouthia), African spitters (subgenus Afronaja), and forest cobra (subgenus Boulengerina). African non-spitting cobras of subgenus Uraeus (Naja haje, Naja annulifera, Naja nivea, Naja senegalensis) showed exceptionally low svPLA2 enzymatic activities. The negligible PLA2 activity in Uraeus cobra venoms implies that PLA2 may not be ubiquitous in all snake venoms. The svPLA2 in cobra envenoming varies depending on the cobra species. This may potentially influence the efficacy of cobra antivenom in specific use for venom neutralization. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. MDPI 2019 Article PeerReviewed Tan, Choo Hock and Wong, Kin Ying and Tan, Nget Hong and Ng, Tzu Shan and Tan, Kae Yi (2019) Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus). Toxins, 11 (2). p. 116. ISSN 2072-6651, DOI https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020116 <https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020116>. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020116 doi:10.3390/toxins11020116 |
| spellingShingle | R Medicine Tan, Choo Hock Wong, Kin Ying Tan, Nget Hong Ng, Tzu Shan Tan, Kae Yi Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) |
| title | Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) |
| title_full | Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) |
| title_fullStr | Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) |
| title_short | Distinctive Distribution of Secretory Phospholipases A2 in the Venoms of Afro-Asian Cobras (Subgenus: Naja, Afronaja, Boulengerina and Uraeus) |
| title_sort | distinctive distribution of secretory phospholipases a2 in the venoms of afro asian cobras subgenus naja afronaja boulengerina and uraeus |
| topic | R Medicine |
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