Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation
Lichen planus, a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease affects the oral mucosa (oral lichen planus or OLP) besides the skin, genital mucosa, scalp and nails. An immune mediated pathogenesis is recognized in lichen planus although the exact etiology is unknown. The disease most commonly affects m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Nihon University School of Dentistry
2007
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| Online Access: | http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/1/oral_lichen2.pdf http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/2/Oral_lichen_planus_and_lichenoid_reactions_etiopathogenesis%2C_diagnosis%2C_management_and_malignant_transformation.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796944863008129024 |
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| author | Ismail, Sumairi Kumar, Satish K.S. Zain, R.B. |
| author_facet | Ismail, Sumairi Kumar, Satish K.S. Zain, R.B. |
| author_sort | Ismail, Sumairi |
| collection | UM |
| description | Lichen planus, a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease affects the oral mucosa (oral lichen planus or OLP) besides the skin, genital mucosa, scalp and nails. An immune mediated pathogenesis is recognized in lichen planus although the exact etiology is unknown. The disease most commonly affects middle-aged females. Oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) which are considered variants of OLP, may be regarded as a disease by itself or as an exacerbation of an existing OLP, by the presence of medication (lichenoid drug reactions) or dental materials (contact hypersensitivity). OLP usually presents as white striations (Wickham's striae), white papules, white plaque, erythema, erosions or blisters. Diagnosis of OLP is established either by clinical examination only or by clinical examination with histopathologic confirmation. Direct immunofluorescence examination is only used as an adjunct to the above method of diagnosis and to rule out specific autoimmune diseases such as pemphigus and pemphigoid. Histopathologic features of OLP and OLR are similar with suggestions of certain discriminatory features by some authors. Topical corticosteroids are the treatment of choice for OLP although several other medications have been studied including retinoids, tacrolimus, cyclosporine and photodynamic therapy. Certain OLP undergo malignant transformation and the exact incidence and mechanisms are still controversial. In this paper, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation of OLP and OLR have been reviewed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:08:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | um.eprints-2439 |
| institution | Universiti Malaya |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T05:08:04Z |
| publishDate | 2007 |
| publisher | Nihon University School of Dentistry |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | um.eprints-24392020-08-26T01:02:21Z http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/ Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation Ismail, Sumairi Kumar, Satish K.S. Zain, R.B. R Medicine RK Dentistry Oral surger Lichen planus, a chronic autoimmune, mucocutaneous disease affects the oral mucosa (oral lichen planus or OLP) besides the skin, genital mucosa, scalp and nails. An immune mediated pathogenesis is recognized in lichen planus although the exact etiology is unknown. The disease most commonly affects middle-aged females. Oral lichenoid reactions (OLR) which are considered variants of OLP, may be regarded as a disease by itself or as an exacerbation of an existing OLP, by the presence of medication (lichenoid drug reactions) or dental materials (contact hypersensitivity). OLP usually presents as white striations (Wickham's striae), white papules, white plaque, erythema, erosions or blisters. Diagnosis of OLP is established either by clinical examination only or by clinical examination with histopathologic confirmation. Direct immunofluorescence examination is only used as an adjunct to the above method of diagnosis and to rule out specific autoimmune diseases such as pemphigus and pemphigoid. Histopathologic features of OLP and OLR are similar with suggestions of certain discriminatory features by some authors. Topical corticosteroids are the treatment of choice for OLP although several other medications have been studied including retinoids, tacrolimus, cyclosporine and photodynamic therapy. Certain OLP undergo malignant transformation and the exact incidence and mechanisms are still controversial. In this paper, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation of OLP and OLR have been reviewed. Nihon University School of Dentistry 2007 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/1/oral_lichen2.pdf application/pdf en http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/2/Oral_lichen_planus_and_lichenoid_reactions_etiopathogenesis%2C_diagnosis%2C_management_and_malignant_transformation.pdf Ismail, Sumairi and Kumar, Satish K.S. and Zain, R.B. (2007) Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation. Journal of Oral Science, 49 (2). pp. 89-106. ISSN 1343-4934 , DOI https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.49.89 <https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.49.89>. https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.49.89 doi:10.2334/josnusd.49.89 |
| spellingShingle | R Medicine RK Dentistry Oral surger Ismail, Sumairi Kumar, Satish K.S. Zain, R.B. Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation |
| title | Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation |
| title_full | Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation |
| title_fullStr | Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation |
| title_short | Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions: etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, management and malignant transformation |
| title_sort | oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions etiopathogenesis diagnosis management and malignant transformation |
| topic | R Medicine RK Dentistry Oral surger |
| url | http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/1/oral_lichen2.pdf http://eprints.um.edu.my/2439/2/Oral_lichen_planus_and_lichenoid_reactions_etiopathogenesis%2C_diagnosis%2C_management_and_malignant_transformation.pdf |
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