Palm kernel based wood adhesive
Palm kernel cake is a by-product of palm kernel oil industry. The production of palm kernel cake is more than 5000 million tons annually in the past few years. This quantity is expected to rise further in the future due to production of bio-diesel. Currently palm kernel cake is used for animal feed...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Asian Network for Scientific Information
2010
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/1/Palm_kernel_based_wood_adhesive.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/7/Palm%20kernel%20based%20wood%20adhesive..pdf |
| _version_ | 1796909556645756928 |
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| author | Awang Bono Farm, Yan Yan Krishnaiah, Duduku Noor Maizura Ismail L., Y K Yee L., M. Lee |
| author_facet | Awang Bono Farm, Yan Yan Krishnaiah, Duduku Noor Maizura Ismail L., Y K Yee L., M. Lee |
| author_sort | Awang Bono |
| collection | UMS |
| description | Palm kernel cake is a by-product of palm kernel oil industry. The production of palm kernel cake is more than 5000 million tons annually in the past few years. This quantity is expected to rise further in the future due to production of bio-diesel. Currently palm kernel cake is used for animal feed supplement such as cattle and goat. Due to indigestible compounds in palm kernel cake, it is less suitable for animals such as poultry, fish and swine. However palm kernel cake contains about 20% protein, with this protein composition palm kernel cake can be used as ingredient of protein based resin. Unlike soya bean which contain higher protein composition and can be used directly as ingredient of protein based resin, palm kernel cake require protein enhancement before it can be used for this purposes. In this study, wood adhesive was produced using palm kernel cake with protein content enhancement as a base ingredient. Soya protein extract was selected as a protein enhancement of palm kernel cake. Here the enhanced protein content palm kernel cake was reacted with polyetheleneimine and maleic anhydride at alkali environment. The experimental study was conducted at various compositions and various strength of alkali. The wood adhesive produced was tested on type II plywood. Japanese Agriculture Standard of strength and durability test was employed for the characterization of the adhesive produced. Results show that, palm kernel cake can be used as ingredient of protein based wood adhesive. In certain condition the mixture of palm kernel and soya protein show that the wood adhesive produced better strength and reliability compared to unmixed soya protein extract. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-21T02:28:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ums.eprints-2075 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sabah |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-21T02:28:13Z |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publisher | Asian Network for Scientific Information |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ums.eprints-20752021-06-30T15:59:29Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/ Palm kernel based wood adhesive Awang Bono Farm, Yan Yan Krishnaiah, Duduku Noor Maizura Ismail L., Y K Yee L., M. Lee SB183-317 Field crops Including cereals, forage crops, grasses, legumes, root crops, sugar plants, textile plants, alkaloidal plants, medicinal plants Palm kernel cake is a by-product of palm kernel oil industry. The production of palm kernel cake is more than 5000 million tons annually in the past few years. This quantity is expected to rise further in the future due to production of bio-diesel. Currently palm kernel cake is used for animal feed supplement such as cattle and goat. Due to indigestible compounds in palm kernel cake, it is less suitable for animals such as poultry, fish and swine. However palm kernel cake contains about 20% protein, with this protein composition palm kernel cake can be used as ingredient of protein based resin. Unlike soya bean which contain higher protein composition and can be used directly as ingredient of protein based resin, palm kernel cake require protein enhancement before it can be used for this purposes. In this study, wood adhesive was produced using palm kernel cake with protein content enhancement as a base ingredient. Soya protein extract was selected as a protein enhancement of palm kernel cake. Here the enhanced protein content palm kernel cake was reacted with polyetheleneimine and maleic anhydride at alkali environment. The experimental study was conducted at various compositions and various strength of alkali. The wood adhesive produced was tested on type II plywood. Japanese Agriculture Standard of strength and durability test was employed for the characterization of the adhesive produced. Results show that, palm kernel cake can be used as ingredient of protein based wood adhesive. In certain condition the mixture of palm kernel and soya protein show that the wood adhesive produced better strength and reliability compared to unmixed soya protein extract. Asian Network for Scientific Information 2010 Article PeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/1/Palm_kernel_based_wood_adhesive.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/7/Palm%20kernel%20based%20wood%20adhesive..pdf Awang Bono and Farm, Yan Yan and Krishnaiah, Duduku and Noor Maizura Ismail and L., Y K Yee and L., M. Lee (2010) Palm kernel based wood adhesive. Journal of Applied Sciences, 10 (21). pp. 2638-2642. ISSN 1812-5654 http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jas.2010.2638.2642 10.3923/jas.2010.2638.2642 10.3923/jas.2010.2638.2642 |
| spellingShingle | SB183-317 Field crops Including cereals, forage crops, grasses, legumes, root crops, sugar plants, textile plants, alkaloidal plants, medicinal plants Awang Bono Farm, Yan Yan Krishnaiah, Duduku Noor Maizura Ismail L., Y K Yee L., M. Lee Palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| title | Palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| title_full | Palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| title_fullStr | Palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| title_full_unstemmed | Palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| title_short | Palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| title_sort | palm kernel based wood adhesive |
| topic | SB183-317 Field crops Including cereals, forage crops, grasses, legumes, root crops, sugar plants, textile plants, alkaloidal plants, medicinal plants |
| url | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/1/Palm_kernel_based_wood_adhesive.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/2075/7/Palm%20kernel%20based%20wood%20adhesive..pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT awangbono palmkernelbasedwoodadhesive AT farmyanyan palmkernelbasedwoodadhesive AT krishnaiahduduku palmkernelbasedwoodadhesive AT noormaizuraismail palmkernelbasedwoodadhesive AT lykyee palmkernelbasedwoodadhesive AT lmlee palmkernelbasedwoodadhesive |