School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas
Indoor air pollutants affect children’s health and previous research mostly focuses on respiratory and allergic diseases. However, little is known about the risks among school children in East Malaysia. Therefore, we studied associations between school children’s respiratory and allergic symptoms an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
University of Tehran
2022
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/2/School%20indoor%20air%20pollutants%2C%20In%20relation%20to%20allergy%20and%20respiratory%20symptoms%20among%20school%20children%20in%20urban%20areas.ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/1/School%20indoor%20air%20pollutants%2C%20In%20relation%20to%20allergy%20and%20respiratory%20symptoms%20among%20school%20children%20in%20urban%20areas..pdf |
| _version_ | 1825715012260331520 |
|---|---|
| author | Zailina Hashim Nur Shahira Mohamad Fadzil Siti Raihan Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa Tan Teck Song Jony Sieman Saliza Mohd Elias Jamal Hisham Hashim |
| author_facet | Zailina Hashim Nur Shahira Mohamad Fadzil Siti Raihan Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa Tan Teck Song Jony Sieman Saliza Mohd Elias Jamal Hisham Hashim |
| author_sort | Zailina Hashim |
| collection | UMS |
| description | Indoor air pollutants affect children’s health and previous research mostly focuses on respiratory and allergic diseases. However, little is known about the risks among school children in East Malaysia. Therefore, we studied associations between school children’s respiratory and allergic symptoms and indoor air pollutants in schools in Sabah, Malaysia. We randomly selected 332 school children (14 years old) from 24 classrooms in 6 secondary schools in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Information on personal characteristics, respiratory and allergic symptoms were gathered by using a standard questionnaire. The skin prick test was used to characterize their atopy. In each classroom, the indoor concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2 ) temperature and relative humidity were monitored. Overall, 11.7% reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, 14.8% wheezing, 17.5% day-time breathlessness, 37.0% breathlessness after exercise, 13.0% breathlessness at night-time, 55.1% rhinitis and 10.8% skin allergic in the last 12 months. Regression analysis showed that the onset of wheezing was common in doctor diagnosed asthma (OR= 8.29, 95% CI= 3.70-16.10) and with parental asthma/allergy (OR= 2.13, 95% CI= 1.10-4.15), and associated with concentrations of NO2 (OR= 1.03, 95% CI= 1.01-1.21) and CO2 (OR= 1.01, 95% CI= 1.01-1.11). Day-time breathlessness was associated with indoor NO2 (OR=1.02, 95% CI= 1.02-1.35) and TVOC (OR= 1.30, 95% CI= 1.10-1.52). The indoor concentrations of NO2 , CO2 , TVOC and PM2.5 as well as parental asthma/allergy, and parental smoking were risk factors to the health outcome of respiratory and allergic symptoms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T03:20:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ums.eprints-34198 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sabah |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T03:20:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | University of Tehran |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ums.eprints-341982022-09-22T08:11:05Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/ School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas Zailina Hashim Nur Shahira Mohamad Fadzil Siti Raihan Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa Tan Teck Song Jony Sieman Saliza Mohd Elias Jamal Hisham Hashim RC86-88.9 Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid Indoor air pollutants affect children’s health and previous research mostly focuses on respiratory and allergic diseases. However, little is known about the risks among school children in East Malaysia. Therefore, we studied associations between school children’s respiratory and allergic symptoms and indoor air pollutants in schools in Sabah, Malaysia. We randomly selected 332 school children (14 years old) from 24 classrooms in 6 secondary schools in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Information on personal characteristics, respiratory and allergic symptoms were gathered by using a standard questionnaire. The skin prick test was used to characterize their atopy. In each classroom, the indoor concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2 ) temperature and relative humidity were monitored. Overall, 11.7% reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, 14.8% wheezing, 17.5% day-time breathlessness, 37.0% breathlessness after exercise, 13.0% breathlessness at night-time, 55.1% rhinitis and 10.8% skin allergic in the last 12 months. Regression analysis showed that the onset of wheezing was common in doctor diagnosed asthma (OR= 8.29, 95% CI= 3.70-16.10) and with parental asthma/allergy (OR= 2.13, 95% CI= 1.10-4.15), and associated with concentrations of NO2 (OR= 1.03, 95% CI= 1.01-1.21) and CO2 (OR= 1.01, 95% CI= 1.01-1.11). Day-time breathlessness was associated with indoor NO2 (OR=1.02, 95% CI= 1.02-1.35) and TVOC (OR= 1.30, 95% CI= 1.10-1.52). The indoor concentrations of NO2 , CO2 , TVOC and PM2.5 as well as parental asthma/allergy, and parental smoking were risk factors to the health outcome of respiratory and allergic symptoms. University of Tehran 2022-05 Article PeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/2/School%20indoor%20air%20pollutants%2C%20In%20relation%20to%20allergy%20and%20respiratory%20symptoms%20among%20school%20children%20in%20urban%20areas.ABSTRACT.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/1/School%20indoor%20air%20pollutants%2C%20In%20relation%20to%20allergy%20and%20respiratory%20symptoms%20among%20school%20children%20in%20urban%20areas..pdf Zailina Hashim and Nur Shahira Mohamad Fadzil and Siti Raihan and Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin and Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa and Tan Teck Song and Jony Sieman and Saliza Mohd Elias and Jamal Hisham Hashim (2022) School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas. Pollution, 8. pp. 948-962. ISSN 2383-451X (P-ISSN) , 2383-4501 (E-ISSN) https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_87455.html https://doi.org/10.22059/POLL.2022.336619.1313 https://doi.org/10.22059/POLL.2022.336619.1313 |
| spellingShingle | RC86-88.9 Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid Zailina Hashim Nur Shahira Mohamad Fadzil Siti Raihan Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa Tan Teck Song Jony Sieman Saliza Mohd Elias Jamal Hisham Hashim School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| title | School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| title_full | School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| title_fullStr | School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| title_short | School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| title_sort | school indoor air pollutants in relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas |
| topic | RC86-88.9 Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid |
| url | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/2/School%20indoor%20air%20pollutants%2C%20In%20relation%20to%20allergy%20and%20respiratory%20symptoms%20among%20school%20children%20in%20urban%20areas.ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198/1/School%20indoor%20air%20pollutants%2C%20In%20relation%20to%20allergy%20and%20respiratory%20symptoms%20among%20school%20children%20in%20urban%20areas..pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zailinahashim schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT nurshahiramohamadfadzil schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT sitiraihan schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT shamsulbaharishamsudin schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT khairulnizammohdisa schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT tantecksong schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT jonysieman schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT salizamohdelias schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas AT jamalhishamhashim schoolindoorairpollutantsinrelationtoallergyandrespiratorysymptomsamongschoolchildreninurbanareas |