Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA
Siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus) are native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and southern Thailand and their taxonomical classification at subspecies level remains unclear. Morphologically, two subspecies were proposed as early as 1908 by Thomas namely Symphalangus s. syndactylus and Symphalangus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English English |
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Pensoft Publishers
2024
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/1/ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf |
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| author | Nur Hartini Sariyanti Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Nor Rahman Aifat Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Nur Azimah Osman Kayal Vizi Karuppannan Eddie Chan Badrul Munir Md-Zain |
| author_facet | Nur Hartini Sariyanti Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Nor Rahman Aifat Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Nur Azimah Osman Kayal Vizi Karuppannan Eddie Chan Badrul Munir Md-Zain |
| author_sort | Nur Hartini Sariyanti |
| collection | UMS |
| description | Siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus) are native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and southern Thailand and their taxonomical classification at subspecies level remains unclear. Morphologically, two subspecies were proposed as early as 1908 by Thomas namely Symphalangus s. syndactylus and Symphalangus s. continentis. Thus, this study aims to clarify the Siamang subspecies status, based on mtDNA D-loop sequences. Faecal samples were collected from wild Siamang populations at different localities in Peninsular Malaysia. A 600-bp sequence of the mitochondrial D-loop region was amplified from faecal DNA extracts and analysed along with GenBank sequences representing Symphalangus sp., Nomascus sp., Hylobates sp., Hoolock sp. and outgroups (Pongo pygmaeus, Macaca fascicularis and Papio papio). The molecular phylogenetic analysis in this study revealed two distinct clades formed by S. s. syndactylus and S. s. continentis which supports the previous morphological delineation of the existence of two subspecies. Biogeographical analysis indicated that the Sumatran population lineage was split from the Peninsular Malaysian population lineage and a diversification occurrred in the Pliocene era (~ 3.12 MYA) through southward expansion. This postulation was supported by the molecular clock, which illustrated that the Peninsular Malaysian population (~ 1.92 MYA) diverged earlier than the Sumatran population (~ 1.85 MYA). This is the first study to use a molecular approach to validate the subspecies statuses of S. s. syndactylus and S. s. continentis. This finding will be useful for conservation management, for example, during Siamang translocation and investigations into illegal pet trade and forensics involving Malayan and Sumatran Siamangs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-24T00:52:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | ums.eprints-40894 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sabah |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-24T00:52:31Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Pensoft Publishers |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ums.eprints-408942024-09-06T08:09:43Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/ Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA Nur Hartini Sariyanti Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Nor Rahman Aifat Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Nur Azimah Osman Kayal Vizi Karuppannan Eddie Chan Badrul Munir Md-Zain QH426-470 Genetics QH540-549.5 Ecology QL700-739.8 Mammals Siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus) are native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and southern Thailand and their taxonomical classification at subspecies level remains unclear. Morphologically, two subspecies were proposed as early as 1908 by Thomas namely Symphalangus s. syndactylus and Symphalangus s. continentis. Thus, this study aims to clarify the Siamang subspecies status, based on mtDNA D-loop sequences. Faecal samples were collected from wild Siamang populations at different localities in Peninsular Malaysia. A 600-bp sequence of the mitochondrial D-loop region was amplified from faecal DNA extracts and analysed along with GenBank sequences representing Symphalangus sp., Nomascus sp., Hylobates sp., Hoolock sp. and outgroups (Pongo pygmaeus, Macaca fascicularis and Papio papio). The molecular phylogenetic analysis in this study revealed two distinct clades formed by S. s. syndactylus and S. s. continentis which supports the previous morphological delineation of the existence of two subspecies. Biogeographical analysis indicated that the Sumatran population lineage was split from the Peninsular Malaysian population lineage and a diversification occurrred in the Pliocene era (~ 3.12 MYA) through southward expansion. This postulation was supported by the molecular clock, which illustrated that the Peninsular Malaysian population (~ 1.92 MYA) diverged earlier than the Sumatran population (~ 1.85 MYA). This is the first study to use a molecular approach to validate the subspecies statuses of S. s. syndactylus and S. s. continentis. This finding will be useful for conservation management, for example, during Siamang translocation and investigations into illegal pet trade and forensics involving Malayan and Sumatran Siamangs. Pensoft Publishers 2024-04-25 Article NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/1/ABSTRACT.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf Nur Hartini Sariyanti and Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff and Nor Rahman Aifat and Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan and Nur Azimah Osman and Kayal Vizi Karuppannan and Eddie Chan and Badrul Munir Md-Zain (2024) Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA. Biodiversity Data Journal, 12. pp. 1-24. ISSN 1314-2828 https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e120314 |
| spellingShingle | QH426-470 Genetics QH540-549.5 Ecology QL700-739.8 Mammals Nur Hartini Sariyanti Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff Nor Rahman Aifat Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan Nur Azimah Osman Kayal Vizi Karuppannan Eddie Chan Badrul Munir Md-Zain Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA |
| title | Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA |
| title_full | Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA |
| title_fullStr | Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA |
| title_short | Molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the Malayan Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus continentis) and the Sumatran Siamang (symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus) based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA |
| title_sort | molecular phylogeny confirms the subspecies delineation of the malayan siamang symphalangus syndactylus continentis and the sumatran siamang symphalangus syndactylus syndactylus based on the hypervariable region of mitochondrial dna |
| topic | QH426-470 Genetics QH540-549.5 Ecology QL700-739.8 Mammals |
| url | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/1/ABSTRACT.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/40894/2/FULL%20TEXT.pdf |
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