Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste
Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is the residue that remains at the industrial sites once the crude oil palm has been extracted from the fruit bunches with approximately 22 to 23 million tons of OPEFB produced annually in Malaysia. OPEFB used to be disposed of as waste, but recently this abundantl...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
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2023
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| Online Access: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/2/FULLTEXT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1817926515868827648 |
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| author | Abigail Lorna Eric |
| author_facet | Abigail Lorna Eric |
| author_sort | Abigail Lorna Eric |
| collection | UMS |
| description | Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is the residue that remains at the industrial sites once the crude oil palm has been extracted from the fruit bunches with approximately 22 to 23 million tons of OPEFB produced annually in Malaysia. OPEFB used to be disposed of as waste, but recently this abundantly available plant-based waste in Malaysia has been discovered as potential raw material for lignin. The biodegradation of lignin in lignocellulosic biomass has gained a lot of attention due to the eco-friendly advantages offered by this pre-treatment method compared to chemical and mechanical pre-treatments. However, studies on the biodegradation of lignin especially in OPEFB remain limited. It was hypothesized that locally isolated fungi were capable of degrading lignin in OPEFB. Hence the objectives of this study were i) to isolate and screen potential OPEFB lignin degraders, ii) to identify potential OPEFB lignin-degraders and iii) to characterize the degraded OPEFB lignin. Initially, 40 fungi portraying lignin degrading capability were isolated from decaying wood and soil samples collected from several locations in Sabah. After primary screening using Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), only seven fungi isolates exhibited positive and significant lignin-degrading results. The ligninolytic enzyme assay was conducted on the seven potential lignin-degraders to study the predominant lignin-degrading enzymes secreted by the fungi. The results revealed the capability of all seven fungi to secrete a significant amount of lignin peroxidase (LiP) enzyme when incubated in an RBBR liquid media with fungal strain 15B20 exhibiting the highest LiP production (19.81μM). The quantitative enzyme assay was followed by secondary screening incorporating Sundman and Nase assay. Three potential lignin-degraders were chosen based on the significant decolourization rate of Sundman and Nase Assay containing kraft lignin and actual OPEFB. The genomic DNAs of these potential lignin-degraders were extracted and amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ITS1 (forward) and ITS4 (reverse) as the primers. Based on the sequence of the PCR products, fungal strains 19A23, 15B20 and 14A11 were identified as Monascus sp., Mucor sp., and Aspergillus sp. respectively. Consequently, lignin-degrader 19A23 (Monascus sp) was grown under fifteen different treatment conditions to study the effect of three parameters; the age of inoculum, weight of OPEFB and incubation time, on the OPEFB lignin degradation yield. The biological pretreatment involving seven days of inoculum age, 1.32g OPEFB and four weeks of incubation resulted in the highest degradation yield of 77.1%. In the FTIR analysis of treated OPEFB, a significant peak between 850cm-1 to 750cm-1 was detected indicating the C-H bending in the aromatic ring, which was related to the vibration of lignin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-09T00:52:23Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | ums.eprints-41397 |
| institution | Universiti Malaysia Sabah |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-09T00:52:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | ums.eprints-413972024-11-01T01:25:52Z https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/ Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste Abigail Lorna Eric TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) is the residue that remains at the industrial sites once the crude oil palm has been extracted from the fruit bunches with approximately 22 to 23 million tons of OPEFB produced annually in Malaysia. OPEFB used to be disposed of as waste, but recently this abundantly available plant-based waste in Malaysia has been discovered as potential raw material for lignin. The biodegradation of lignin in lignocellulosic biomass has gained a lot of attention due to the eco-friendly advantages offered by this pre-treatment method compared to chemical and mechanical pre-treatments. However, studies on the biodegradation of lignin especially in OPEFB remain limited. It was hypothesized that locally isolated fungi were capable of degrading lignin in OPEFB. Hence the objectives of this study were i) to isolate and screen potential OPEFB lignin degraders, ii) to identify potential OPEFB lignin-degraders and iii) to characterize the degraded OPEFB lignin. Initially, 40 fungi portraying lignin degrading capability were isolated from decaying wood and soil samples collected from several locations in Sabah. After primary screening using Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), only seven fungi isolates exhibited positive and significant lignin-degrading results. The ligninolytic enzyme assay was conducted on the seven potential lignin-degraders to study the predominant lignin-degrading enzymes secreted by the fungi. The results revealed the capability of all seven fungi to secrete a significant amount of lignin peroxidase (LiP) enzyme when incubated in an RBBR liquid media with fungal strain 15B20 exhibiting the highest LiP production (19.81μM). The quantitative enzyme assay was followed by secondary screening incorporating Sundman and Nase assay. Three potential lignin-degraders were chosen based on the significant decolourization rate of Sundman and Nase Assay containing kraft lignin and actual OPEFB. The genomic DNAs of these potential lignin-degraders were extracted and amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ITS1 (forward) and ITS4 (reverse) as the primers. Based on the sequence of the PCR products, fungal strains 19A23, 15B20 and 14A11 were identified as Monascus sp., Mucor sp., and Aspergillus sp. respectively. Consequently, lignin-degrader 19A23 (Monascus sp) was grown under fifteen different treatment conditions to study the effect of three parameters; the age of inoculum, weight of OPEFB and incubation time, on the OPEFB lignin degradation yield. The biological pretreatment involving seven days of inoculum age, 1.32g OPEFB and four weeks of incubation resulted in the highest degradation yield of 77.1%. In the FTIR analysis of treated OPEFB, a significant peak between 850cm-1 to 750cm-1 was detected indicating the C-H bending in the aromatic ring, which was related to the vibration of lignin. 2023 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/1/24%20PAGES.pdf text en https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/2/FULLTEXT.pdf Abigail Lorna Eric (2023) Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. |
| spellingShingle | TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes Abigail Lorna Eric Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| title | Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| title_full | Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| title_fullStr | Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| title_short | Screening, identification and characterization of lignin-degrading fungi from Sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| title_sort | screening identification and characterization of lignin degrading fungi from sabah local biodiversity for bioconversion of oil palm waste |
| topic | TD783-812.5 Municipal refuse. Solid wastes |
| url | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/1/24%20PAGES.pdf https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41397/2/FULLTEXT.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abigaillornaeric screeningidentificationandcharacterizationoflignindegradingfungifromsabahlocalbiodiversityforbioconversionofoilpalmwaste |