A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling
Although the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been evaluated in the literature, further research is needed, particularly on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological outcomes, is needed. This study aims to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic o...
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| Format: | Article |
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Public Library of Science
2022
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| author | Aljaberi, Musheer A. Alareqe, Naser A. Alsalahi, Abdulsamad Qasem, Mousa A. Noman, Sarah Hossain Uzir, Md. Uzir Mohammed, Lubna Ali Abiddine Fares, Zine.El. Lin, Chung-Ying Abdallah, Atiyeh M. Hamat, Rukman Awang Mohd RaniI, Mohd Dzulkhairi |
| author_facet | Aljaberi, Musheer A. Alareqe, Naser A. Alsalahi, Abdulsamad Qasem, Mousa A. Noman, Sarah Hossain Uzir, Md. Uzir Mohammed, Lubna Ali Abiddine Fares, Zine.El. Lin, Chung-Ying Abdallah, Atiyeh M. Hamat, Rukman Awang Mohd RaniI, Mohd Dzulkhairi |
| author_sort | Aljaberi, Musheer A. |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Although the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been evaluated in the literature, further research is needed, particularly on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological outcomes, is needed. This study aims to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes (depression, anxiety, and insomnia). A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted using the following instruments: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation model (SEM), multiple indicators and multiple causes (MIMIC) modeling, and differential item functioning (DIF) were performed to analyze the collected data. According to the results, participants with PTSD (n = 360) showed a higher level of depression, anxiety, and insomnia than those without PTSD (n = 639). Among the participants, 36.5% experienced moderate to severe symptoms of depression, and 32.6% had mild depressive symptoms. Moreover, 23.7% of participants experienced moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, and 33.1% had mild anxiety symptoms. In addition, 51.5% of participants experienced symptoms of insomnia. In conclusion, the PTSD caused by COVID-19 is significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia at the level of latent constructs and observed variables. |
| first_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:35:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-100118 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:35:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-1001182024-08-01T04:29:25Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/100118/ A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling Aljaberi, Musheer A. Alareqe, Naser A. Alsalahi, Abdulsamad Qasem, Mousa A. Noman, Sarah Hossain Uzir, Md. Uzir Mohammed, Lubna Ali Abiddine Fares, Zine.El. Lin, Chung-Ying Abdallah, Atiyeh M. Hamat, Rukman Awang Mohd RaniI, Mohd Dzulkhairi Although the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been evaluated in the literature, further research is needed, particularly on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and psychological outcomes, is needed. This study aims to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes (depression, anxiety, and insomnia). A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted using the following instruments: Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation model (SEM), multiple indicators and multiple causes (MIMIC) modeling, and differential item functioning (DIF) were performed to analyze the collected data. According to the results, participants with PTSD (n = 360) showed a higher level of depression, anxiety, and insomnia than those without PTSD (n = 639). Among the participants, 36.5% experienced moderate to severe symptoms of depression, and 32.6% had mild depressive symptoms. Moreover, 23.7% of participants experienced moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, and 33.1% had mild anxiety symptoms. In addition, 51.5% of participants experienced symptoms of insomnia. In conclusion, the PTSD caused by COVID-19 is significantly associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia at the level of latent constructs and observed variables. Public Library of Science 2022-11-09 Article PeerReviewed Aljaberi, Musheer A. and Alareqe, Naser A. and Alsalahi, Abdulsamad and Qasem, Mousa A. and Noman, Sarah and Hossain Uzir, Md. Uzir and Mohammed, Lubna Ali and Abiddine Fares, Zine.El. and Lin, Chung-Ying and Abdallah, Atiyeh M. and Hamat, Rukman Awang and Mohd RaniI, Mohd Dzulkhairi (2022) A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling. PLoS ONE, 17 (11). art. no. e0277368. pp. 1-21. ISSN 1932-6203 (Submitted) https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0277368 10.1371/journal.pone.0277368 |
| spellingShingle | Aljaberi, Musheer A. Alareqe, Naser A. Alsalahi, Abdulsamad Qasem, Mousa A. Noman, Sarah Hossain Uzir, Md. Uzir Mohammed, Lubna Ali Abiddine Fares, Zine.El. Lin, Chung-Ying Abdallah, Atiyeh M. Hamat, Rukman Awang Mohd RaniI, Mohd Dzulkhairi A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
| title | A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
| title_full | A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
| title_fullStr | A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
| title_full_unstemmed | A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
| title_short | A cross-sectional study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes: multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
| title_sort | cross sectional study on the impact of the covid 19 pandemic on psychological outcomes multiple indicators and multiple causes modeling |
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