Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation

Malaysian fish sausage, Keropok Lekor (KL), is a popular fish snack in Malaysia. The fish by-products (FBPs) from KL processing comprise a significant quantity of proteins with high nutritional value. However, in Malaysia, such FBPs are either disposed of into waterways, which may cause environmenta...

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Main Authors: Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza, Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri, Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal, Saari, Nazamid, Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong
Format: Article
Published: Elsevier 2022
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author Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza
Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri
Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal
Saari, Nazamid
Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong
author_facet Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza
Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri
Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal
Saari, Nazamid
Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong
author_sort Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza
collection UPM
description Malaysian fish sausage, Keropok Lekor (KL), is a popular fish snack in Malaysia. The fish by-products (FBPs) from KL processing comprise a significant quantity of proteins with high nutritional value. However, in Malaysia, such FBPs are either disposed of into waterways, which may cause environmental pollution, or are processed into products of low economic value, such as fertiliser and animal feed. To maximise the potential of FBPs, a microbial fermentation approach can be used to convert FBPs into bioactive fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). Bioactive FPH has higher economic value due to its potential as a bio-ingredient in the nutraceutical and functional food industries. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activities of FPHs from FBPs of KL processing produced by four indigenous Lactobacillus casei strains (LC216, LC217, LC219, and LC220). The relationship between the level and composition of free amino acids during fermentation and the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the produced FPH was evaluated. The results showed that the FPHs produced using the four L. casei strains had higher 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (82.8–88.4%) than that of the unfermented FBPs (78.9%). The obtained half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of the FPHs were also significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of the unfermented FBPs. The ferrous chelating ability of the FPHs produced using strain LC217 improved by 68.43% compared to that of the unfermented FBPs. Furthermore, compared to the unfermented FBPs, the FPHs produced using strains LC216 and LC217 had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) maximum growth inhibition against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between the degree of hydrolysis and the bioactivities. A strong positive correlation also existed between the level of antioxidant amino acids content and antioxidant activity. Overall, the L. casei fermentative production of bioactive FPHs from the FBPs from KL processing represents an effective, environmentally sustainable and economical strategy for producing bioactive bioingredients, which can be used in functional food production and food preservation.
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spelling upm.eprints-1013222023-08-18T23:45:29Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/101322/ Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal Saari, Nazamid Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong Malaysian fish sausage, Keropok Lekor (KL), is a popular fish snack in Malaysia. The fish by-products (FBPs) from KL processing comprise a significant quantity of proteins with high nutritional value. However, in Malaysia, such FBPs are either disposed of into waterways, which may cause environmental pollution, or are processed into products of low economic value, such as fertiliser and animal feed. To maximise the potential of FBPs, a microbial fermentation approach can be used to convert FBPs into bioactive fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). Bioactive FPH has higher economic value due to its potential as a bio-ingredient in the nutraceutical and functional food industries. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant and antibacterial activities of FPHs from FBPs of KL processing produced by four indigenous Lactobacillus casei strains (LC216, LC217, LC219, and LC220). The relationship between the level and composition of free amino acids during fermentation and the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the produced FPH was evaluated. The results showed that the FPHs produced using the four L. casei strains had higher 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (82.8–88.4%) than that of the unfermented FBPs (78.9%). The obtained half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50) of the FPHs were also significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those of the unfermented FBPs. The ferrous chelating ability of the FPHs produced using strain LC217 improved by 68.43% compared to that of the unfermented FBPs. Furthermore, compared to the unfermented FBPs, the FPHs produced using strains LC216 and LC217 had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) maximum growth inhibition against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli and Listeria innocua. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between the degree of hydrolysis and the bioactivities. A strong positive correlation also existed between the level of antioxidant amino acids content and antioxidant activity. Overall, the L. casei fermentative production of bioactive FPHs from the FBPs from KL processing represents an effective, environmentally sustainable and economical strategy for producing bioactive bioingredients, which can be used in functional food production and food preservation. Elsevier 2022 Article PeerReviewed Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza and Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri and Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal and Saari, Nazamid and Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong (2022) Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 347. art. no. 131303. pp. 1-10. ISSN 0959-6526 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652622009325 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131303
spellingShingle Abd Rashid, Nur Yuhasliza
Abdul Manan, Musaalbakri
Pa'ee, Khairul Faizal
Saari, Nazamid
Faizal Wong, Fadzlie Wong
Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation
title Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation
title_full Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation
title_fullStr Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation
title_full_unstemmed Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation
title_short Evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from Malaysian fish sausage (Keropok Lekor) by-products by indigenous Lactobacillus casei fermentation
title_sort evaluation of antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fish protein hydrolysate produced from malaysian fish sausage keropok lekor by products by indigenous lactobacillus casei fermentation
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