Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach
Weedy rice infestation has become a major problem in all rice-growing countries, especially in Malaysia. Challenges remain in finding a rapid technique to identify the weedy rice seeds that tend to pose similar taxonomic and physiological features as the cultivated rice seeds. This study presents im...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI
2022
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| _version_ | 1825938740501020672 |
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| author | Ruslan, Rashidah Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Jahari, Mahirah Ibrahim, Mohd Firdaus |
| author_facet | Ruslan, Rashidah Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Jahari, Mahirah Ibrahim, Mohd Firdaus |
| author_sort | Ruslan, Rashidah |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Weedy rice infestation has become a major problem in all rice-growing countries, especially in Malaysia. Challenges remain in finding a rapid technique to identify the weedy rice seeds that tend to pose similar taxonomic and physiological features as the cultivated rice seeds. This study presents image processing and machine learning techniques to classify weedy rice seed variants and cultivated rice seeds. A machine vision unit was set up for image acquisition using an area scan camera for the Red, Green and Blue (RGB) and monochrome images of five cultivated rice varieties and a weedy rice seed variant. Sixty-seven features from the RGB and monochrome images of the seed kernels were extracted from three primary parameters, namely morphology, colour and texture, and were used as the input for machine learning. Seven machine learning classifiers were used, and the classification performance was evaluated. Analyses of the best model were based on the overall performance measures, such as the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and the average correct classification of the classifiers that best described the unbalanced dataset. Results showed that the best optimum model was developed by the RGB image using the logistic regression (LR) model that achieved 85.3% sensitivity, 99.5% specificity, 97.9% accuracy and 92.4% average correct classification utilising all the 67 features. In conclusion, this study has proved that the features extracted from the RGB images have higher sensitivity and accuracy in identifying the weedy rice seeds than the monochrome images by using image processing and a machine learning technique with the selected colour, morphological and textural features. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T11:17:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-102623 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T11:17:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-1026232023-10-27T03:03:52Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/102623/ Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach Ruslan, Rashidah Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Jahari, Mahirah Ibrahim, Mohd Firdaus Weedy rice infestation has become a major problem in all rice-growing countries, especially in Malaysia. Challenges remain in finding a rapid technique to identify the weedy rice seeds that tend to pose similar taxonomic and physiological features as the cultivated rice seeds. This study presents image processing and machine learning techniques to classify weedy rice seed variants and cultivated rice seeds. A machine vision unit was set up for image acquisition using an area scan camera for the Red, Green and Blue (RGB) and monochrome images of five cultivated rice varieties and a weedy rice seed variant. Sixty-seven features from the RGB and monochrome images of the seed kernels were extracted from three primary parameters, namely morphology, colour and texture, and were used as the input for machine learning. Seven machine learning classifiers were used, and the classification performance was evaluated. Analyses of the best model were based on the overall performance measures, such as the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and the average correct classification of the classifiers that best described the unbalanced dataset. Results showed that the best optimum model was developed by the RGB image using the logistic regression (LR) model that achieved 85.3% sensitivity, 99.5% specificity, 97.9% accuracy and 92.4% average correct classification utilising all the 67 features. In conclusion, this study has proved that the features extracted from the RGB images have higher sensitivity and accuracy in identifying the weedy rice seeds than the monochrome images by using image processing and a machine learning technique with the selected colour, morphological and textural features. MDPI 2022-04-29 Article PeerReviewed Ruslan, Rashidah and Bejo, Siti Khairunniza and Jahari, Mahirah and Ibrahim, Mohd Firdaus (2022) Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach. Agriculture, 12 (5). pp. 1-15. ISSN 2077-0472 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/agriculture 10.3390/agriculture12050645 |
| spellingShingle | Ruslan, Rashidah Bejo, Siti Khairunniza Jahari, Mahirah Ibrahim, Mohd Firdaus Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| title | Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| title_full | Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| title_fullStr | Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| title_full_unstemmed | Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| title_short | Weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| title_sort | weedy rice classification using image processing and a machine learning approach |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruslanrashidah weedyriceclassificationusingimageprocessingandamachinelearningapproach AT bejositikhairunniza weedyriceclassificationusingimageprocessingandamachinelearningapproach AT jaharimahirah weedyriceclassificationusingimageprocessingandamachinelearningapproach AT ibrahimmohdfirdaus weedyriceclassificationusingimageprocessingandamachinelearningapproach |