Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings
This study detennined the potential of using artificially 'induced' suppressive soil to suppress the development of Fusarium wilt on susceptible banana seedlings (cultivar Berangan). Trichoderma harzianum (UPM 40) was selected as the microbial antagonist, and calcium nitrate (Ca(N03)2)...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
| Published: |
2001
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10545/1/FP_2001_5_A.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825944792951947264 |
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| author | Ting, Adeline Su Yien |
| author_facet | Ting, Adeline Su Yien |
| author_sort | Ting, Adeline Su Yien |
| collection | UPM |
| description | This study detennined the potential of using artificially 'induced' suppressive soil to
suppress the development of Fusarium wilt on susceptible banana seedlings (cultivar
Berangan). Trichoderma harzianum (UPM 40) was selected as the microbial
antagonist, and calcium nitrate (Ca(N03)2) as the soil amendment. Both biotic and
abiotic components, respectively, were incorporated into the soil to mimic the
contents of naturally existing Fusarium suppressive soils. The potential of T
harzianum as a biocontrol agent was confirmed from the series of antagonism tests,
with positive results in lysis, antibiosis and mycoparasitism tests. In vitro tests
detennined that T harzianum required early establishment prior to challenge with
Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FocR4), to ensure effective antagonistic
activity. Both T harzianum and FocR4 tolerated pH 5-8, and Ca2+ concentrations
within 5-750 ppm. Soil pH was not affected by Ca(N03)2 application, indicating compatibility of inoculating T. harzzanum together with Ca(N03)2 application When
tested on Berangan seedlings in the glasshouse, treatment with Ca(N03)2 alone
provided better disease suppression compared to treatment with both T. harzzanum
and Ca(N03h, and treatment with T. harzzanum alone. Treatment with Ca(N03)2
alone recorded low disease incidence (DI) of 5 1 % as compared to 59% and 69%
from combined treatments and T. harzzanum alone, respectively, 8 weeks after
inoculation. Calcium reduced the population of FocR4, promoted plant growth, and
induced host resistance through increased peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activity,
and phenol content. Increased in enzymatic activities and phenol content was related
to extensive cell wall lignification as revealed by histological observatlOns, resulting
in resistance to FocR4 hyphal penetration. The formation of Ca-pectate also
contributed to host resistance. Biocontrol efficiency of T. harzzanum was dependent
on soil environment, as the glasshouse trial did not suppress disease incidence,
contrary to its antagonistic effect in In vztro tests. T. harzzanum did not induce host
resistarce, instead, predisposed the seedlings to infection by increasing root growth
and infection sites. Disease suppression achieved through treatment with Ca(NE)3)2
was dependent on Ca2+ availability in the soil and Ca2+ content in the plant tissues. A
more frequent application using suitable rates is then suggested as follow-up studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:21:29Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | upm.eprints-10545 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:21:29Z |
| publishDate | 2001 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-105452011-05-04T03:29:38Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10545/ Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings Ting, Adeline Su Yien This study detennined the potential of using artificially 'induced' suppressive soil to suppress the development of Fusarium wilt on susceptible banana seedlings (cultivar Berangan). Trichoderma harzianum (UPM 40) was selected as the microbial antagonist, and calcium nitrate (Ca(N03)2) as the soil amendment. Both biotic and abiotic components, respectively, were incorporated into the soil to mimic the contents of naturally existing Fusarium suppressive soils. The potential of T harzianum as a biocontrol agent was confirmed from the series of antagonism tests, with positive results in lysis, antibiosis and mycoparasitism tests. In vitro tests detennined that T harzianum required early establishment prior to challenge with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense race 4 (FocR4), to ensure effective antagonistic activity. Both T harzianum and FocR4 tolerated pH 5-8, and Ca2+ concentrations within 5-750 ppm. Soil pH was not affected by Ca(N03)2 application, indicating compatibility of inoculating T. harzzanum together with Ca(N03)2 application When tested on Berangan seedlings in the glasshouse, treatment with Ca(N03)2 alone provided better disease suppression compared to treatment with both T. harzzanum and Ca(N03h, and treatment with T. harzzanum alone. Treatment with Ca(N03)2 alone recorded low disease incidence (DI) of 5 1 % as compared to 59% and 69% from combined treatments and T. harzzanum alone, respectively, 8 weeks after inoculation. Calcium reduced the population of FocR4, promoted plant growth, and induced host resistance through increased peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activity, and phenol content. Increased in enzymatic activities and phenol content was related to extensive cell wall lignification as revealed by histological observatlOns, resulting in resistance to FocR4 hyphal penetration. The formation of Ca-pectate also contributed to host resistance. Biocontrol efficiency of T. harzzanum was dependent on soil environment, as the glasshouse trial did not suppress disease incidence, contrary to its antagonistic effect in In vztro tests. T. harzzanum did not induce host resistarce, instead, predisposed the seedlings to infection by increasing root growth and infection sites. Disease suppression achieved through treatment with Ca(NE)3)2 was dependent on Ca2+ availability in the soil and Ca2+ content in the plant tissues. A more frequent application using suitable rates is then suggested as follow-up studies. 2001 Thesis NonPeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10545/1/FP_2001_5_A.pdf Ting, Adeline Su Yien (2001) Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Suppresive soils Fusarium Banana English |
| spellingShingle | Suppresive soils Fusarium Banana Ting, Adeline Su Yien Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings |
| title | Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings |
| title_full | Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings |
| title_fullStr | Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings |
| title_short | Induction of Suppressive Soil in the Management of Fusarium Wilt on Banana Seedlings |
| title_sort | induction of suppressive soil in the management of fusarium wilt on banana seedlings |
| topic | Suppresive soils Fusarium Banana |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10545/1/FP_2001_5_A.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tingadelinesuyien inductionofsuppressivesoilinthemanagementoffusariumwiltonbananaseedlings |