Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy
Controlled-release formulation (CRF) of alachlor and diuron were prepared by a monolithic system using low methylester pectin and high methylester pectin as the polymers for the purpose of improving the initial release of active ingredient (a.i.) from the formulations. The release rates for both...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English English |
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2003
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10653/1/FP_2003_17.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811137250827698176 |
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| author | Basari, Sopiah |
| author_facet | Basari, Sopiah |
| author_sort | Basari, Sopiah |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Controlled-release formulation (CRF) of alachlor and diuron were prepared by a
monolithic system using low methylester pectin and high methylester pectin as the
polymers for the purpose of improving the initial release of active ingredient (a.i.) from
the formulations. The release rates for both herbicides were evaluated by chemical assay
and bioassay. Chemical assay using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet
detector showed the pectin-kaolin CRFs (PIKl, P2Kl, PIK and P2K) release a.i.
was faster compared with alginate:pectin-kaolin CRFs (APIKl, AP2Kl, APIK and
AP2K) and alginate-kaolin CRFs (AKI and AK2), six hours after placement in water.
The release reached a constant level at three, five and seven days after placement in water
for pectin-kaolin, alginate:pectin-kaolin and alginate-kaolin CRFs, respectively. The determination of release rate by bioassay technique was conducted in the
glasshouse using Cucumis sativus and Brassica juncea seedlings as bioindicators for
alachlor and diuron, respectively. At 3 days, after treatment (DAT), the CRF of alachlor
(APIKl, AP2Kl, PIKI and P2Kl) showed a better performance in inhibiting shoot and
root length of C. sativus compared to AKI. Similar result was observed for fresh weight
of C. sativus at 15 DAT. The APIKl, AP2Kl, PIKI and P2Kl also showed a similar
performance with the conventional spray formulation of alachlor (CFl) at the initial
treatments. These indicated that the presence of pectin in the CRF improved the initial
release of alachlor. At 160, DAT, all the CRFs showed a better effect compared to CFl
indicating the prolonged activity of alachlor through the CRF. Similar results was
observed for the CRFs of diuron in inhibiting germination of B. juncea. At 7 DAT, the
pectin-koalin CRF (PIK and P2K) showed similar performance with the conventional
spray formulation of diuron (CF) and significantly higher mortality was recorded from
the CRFs of diuron compared to CF at 120 and 160 DAT. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:21:47Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | upm.eprints-10653 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English English |
| last_indexed | 2024-09-25T03:31:19Z |
| publishDate | 2003 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-106532024-05-08T01:18:53Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10653/ Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy Basari, Sopiah Controlled-release formulation (CRF) of alachlor and diuron were prepared by a monolithic system using low methylester pectin and high methylester pectin as the polymers for the purpose of improving the initial release of active ingredient (a.i.) from the formulations. The release rates for both herbicides were evaluated by chemical assay and bioassay. Chemical assay using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector showed the pectin-kaolin CRFs (PIKl, P2Kl, PIK and P2K) release a.i. was faster compared with alginate:pectin-kaolin CRFs (APIKl, AP2Kl, APIK and AP2K) and alginate-kaolin CRFs (AKI and AK2), six hours after placement in water. The release reached a constant level at three, five and seven days after placement in water for pectin-kaolin, alginate:pectin-kaolin and alginate-kaolin CRFs, respectively. The determination of release rate by bioassay technique was conducted in the glasshouse using Cucumis sativus and Brassica juncea seedlings as bioindicators for alachlor and diuron, respectively. At 3 days, after treatment (DAT), the CRF of alachlor (APIKl, AP2Kl, PIKI and P2Kl) showed a better performance in inhibiting shoot and root length of C. sativus compared to AKI. Similar result was observed for fresh weight of C. sativus at 15 DAT. The APIKl, AP2Kl, PIKI and P2Kl also showed a similar performance with the conventional spray formulation of alachlor (CFl) at the initial treatments. These indicated that the presence of pectin in the CRF improved the initial release of alachlor. At 160, DAT, all the CRFs showed a better effect compared to CFl indicating the prolonged activity of alachlor through the CRF. Similar results was observed for the CRFs of diuron in inhibiting germination of B. juncea. At 7 DAT, the pectin-koalin CRF (PIK and P2K) showed similar performance with the conventional spray formulation of diuron (CF) and significantly higher mortality was recorded from the CRFs of diuron compared to CF at 120 and 160 DAT. 2003-06 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10653/1/FP_2003_17.pdf Basari, Sopiah (2003) Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Alachlor - Case studies Diuron - Case studies English |
| spellingShingle | Alachlor - Case studies Diuron - Case studies Basari, Sopiah Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy |
| title | Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy |
| title_full | Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy |
| title_fullStr | Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy |
| title_short | Modification of Alginate Controlled-Release Formulations of Alachlor and Diuron with Pectin: Their Release Kinetics and Efficacy |
| title_sort | modification of alginate controlled release formulations of alachlor and diuron with pectin their release kinetics and efficacy |
| topic | Alachlor - Case studies Diuron - Case studies |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/10653/1/FP_2003_17.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT basarisopiah modificationofalginatecontrolledreleaseformulationsofalachloranddiuronwithpectintheirreleasekineticsandefficacy |