| Summary: | The practice of social entrepreneurship has gained considerable traction in developing countries,
but there is a lack of in-depth research on the subject, particularly regarding the mindset of social
entrepreneurs working in the food sector. This study aims to fill this gap by presenting a practical
guide for constructing items to assess the mindset of food-based social entrepreneurs in Malaysia.
To achieve this objective, qualitative interviews were conducted with social entrepreneurs
working in the food sector and key government stakeholders involved in social entrepreneurship.
Through a thorough thematic analysis of these interviews, nine overarching themes emerged that
offer valuable insights into the mindset of food-based social entrepreneurs in Malaysia. Building on
these themes, the researchers generated a comprehensive set of 43 items that capture various
dimensions of the mindset component in this context. These items serve as a valuable tool for
assessing and understanding the mindset of Malaysian food-based social entrepreneurs. The
significance of this study lies in its potential to offer guidance to readers embarking on item
development as part of the scale development process, particularly in the field of social
entrepreneurship. By providing a practical example of how items can be developed based on
qualitative research findings, this study contributes to the broader understanding of social
entrepreneurship and supports the advancement of research in the field. Ultimately, it is expected
that this study will serve as a valuable resource for academics, practitioners, and policy makers. It
will enable them to better comprehend the mindset of food-based social entrepreneurs in
Malaysia and facilitate the development of effective strategies and support systems for this
growing sector.
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