Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are enzymes involved in phase II of detoxification metabolism and could be used as biomarkers for water pollution. This study aims to determine heavy metal concentrations in the soft tissue of the mangrove clam Geloina expansa, as well as the expression of GSTs in t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
2024
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113874/1/113874.pdf |
| _version_ | 1824452349108682752 |
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| author | Wakid, Sarini Ahmad Abd Aziz, Nor Azwady Abd Alias, Zazali Mustafa, Muskhazli Syazwan, Wan Mohd Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir |
| author_facet | Wakid, Sarini Ahmad Abd Aziz, Nor Azwady Abd Alias, Zazali Mustafa, Muskhazli Syazwan, Wan Mohd Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir |
| author_sort | Wakid, Sarini Ahmad |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are enzymes involved in phase II of detoxification metabolism and could be used as biomarkers for water pollution. This study aims to determine heavy metal concentrations in the soft tissue of the mangrove clam Geloina expansa, as well as the expression of GSTs in the species. The acid digestion method was used to digest the samples, followed by a standard USEPA 6010B procedure using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to measure the heavy metal contents in the samples. GST enzyme activity was measured using 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the mean values of heavy metal concentration, protein concentration, enzyme activity, and specific activity. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) for Zn, total protein, and specific activity in G. expansa, but no significant difference in Pb, Cu and enzyme activity. GST enzyme activities were estimated at 0.16 ± 0.01 µmol/min, with a protein content of 1.24 ± 0.04 mg. The specific activity for GST was 0.13 ± 0.01 µmol/ min/mg, calculated as the ratio of enzyme activity to the total protein. GST-specific activity positively correlates with Pb concentration in the soft tissue of G. expansa. Detailed studies on the effects of pollution on the expression of GST need to be further investigated for the future use of this species as an efficient biomarker model. |
| first_indexed | 2025-02-19T02:49:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-113874 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-19T02:49:06Z |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Universiti Putra Malaysia Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-1138742025-01-14T08:39:12Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113874/ Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia Wakid, Sarini Ahmad Abd Aziz, Nor Azwady Abd Alias, Zazali Mustafa, Muskhazli Syazwan, Wan Mohd Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are enzymes involved in phase II of detoxification metabolism and could be used as biomarkers for water pollution. This study aims to determine heavy metal concentrations in the soft tissue of the mangrove clam Geloina expansa, as well as the expression of GSTs in the species. The acid digestion method was used to digest the samples, followed by a standard USEPA 6010B procedure using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to measure the heavy metal contents in the samples. GST enzyme activity was measured using 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as substrate. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the mean values of heavy metal concentration, protein concentration, enzyme activity, and specific activity. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) for Zn, total protein, and specific activity in G. expansa, but no significant difference in Pb, Cu and enzyme activity. GST enzyme activities were estimated at 0.16 ± 0.01 µmol/min, with a protein content of 1.24 ± 0.04 mg. The specific activity for GST was 0.13 ± 0.01 µmol/ min/mg, calculated as the ratio of enzyme activity to the total protein. GST-specific activity positively correlates with Pb concentration in the soft tissue of G. expansa. Detailed studies on the effects of pollution on the expression of GST need to be further investigated for the future use of this species as an efficient biomarker model. Universiti Putra Malaysia Press 2024-07 Article PeerReviewed text en cc_by_nc_nd_4 http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113874/1/113874.pdf Wakid, Sarini Ahmad and Abd Aziz, Nor Azwady Abd and Alias, Zazali and Mustafa, Muskhazli and Syazwan, Wan Mohd and Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir (2024) Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 32 (4). pp. 1439-1460. ISSN 0128-7680; eISSN: 2231-8526 http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjst/browse/regular-issue?article=JST-4439-2023 10.47836/pjst.32.4.01 |
| spellingShingle | Wakid, Sarini Ahmad Abd Aziz, Nor Azwady Abd Alias, Zazali Mustafa, Muskhazli Syazwan, Wan Mohd Zulkifli, Syaizwan Zahmir Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title | Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_full | Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_short | Evaluation of glutathione S-transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in Geloina expansa from Sepang Besar River, Selangor, Malaysia |
| title_sort | evaluation of glutathione s transferases expression as biomarkers by heavy metals in geloina expansa from sepang besar river selangor malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/113874/1/113874.pdf |
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