Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer
Lung cancer causes 1.4 million deaths annually. In the search for functional foods as complementary therapies against lung cancer, the immuno-stimulatory properties of the vegetable Morinda citrifolia leaves were investigated and compared with the anti-cancer drug erlotinib. Lung tumour-induced BALB...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Royal Society of Chemistry
2016
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16210/1/Morinda%20citrifolia%20edible%20leaf%20extract%20enhanced%20immune%20response%20against%20lung%20cancer.pdf |
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| author | Lim, Swee Ling Goh, Yong Meng Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman Othman, Hemn Hassan Abu Bakar, Nurul Ain Mohamed, Suhaila |
| author_facet | Lim, Swee Ling Goh, Yong Meng Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman Othman, Hemn Hassan Abu Bakar, Nurul Ain Mohamed, Suhaila |
| author_sort | Lim, Swee Ling |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Lung cancer causes 1.4 million deaths annually. In the search for functional foods as complementary therapies against lung cancer, the immuno-stimulatory properties of the vegetable Morinda citrifolia leaves were investigated and compared with the anti-cancer drug erlotinib. Lung tumour-induced BALB/c mice were fed with 150 mg kg−1 or 300 mg kg−1 body weight of the leaf extract, or erlotinib (50 mg kg−1 body-weight) for 21 days. The 300 mg kg−1 body weight extract significantly (and dose-dependently) suppressed lung tumour growth; the extract worked more effectively than the 50 mg kg−1 body weight erlotinib treatment. The extract significantly increased blood lymphocyte counts, and spleen tissue B cells, T cells and natural killer cells, and reduced the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is a lung adenocarcinoma biomarker. The extract also suppressed the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inflammatory markers, and enhanced the tumour suppressor gene (phosphatase and tensin homolog, PTEN). It inhibited tumour growth cellular gene (transformed mouse 3T3 cell double minute 2 (MDM2), V-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1 (RAF1), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR)) mRNA expression in the tumours. The extract is rich in scopoletin and epicatechin, which are the main phenolic compounds. The 300 mg kg−1Morinda citrifolia leaf 50% ethanolic extract showed promising potential as a complementary therapeutic dietary supplement which was more effective than the 50 mg kg−1 erlotinib in suppressing lung adenocarcinoma. Part of the mechanisms involved enhancing immune responses, suppressing proliferation and interfering with various tumour growth signalling pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:36:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-16210 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:36:39Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-162102016-06-08T01:15:24Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16210/ Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer Lim, Swee Ling Goh, Yong Meng Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman Othman, Hemn Hassan Abu Bakar, Nurul Ain Mohamed, Suhaila Lung cancer causes 1.4 million deaths annually. In the search for functional foods as complementary therapies against lung cancer, the immuno-stimulatory properties of the vegetable Morinda citrifolia leaves were investigated and compared with the anti-cancer drug erlotinib. Lung tumour-induced BALB/c mice were fed with 150 mg kg−1 or 300 mg kg−1 body weight of the leaf extract, or erlotinib (50 mg kg−1 body-weight) for 21 days. The 300 mg kg−1 body weight extract significantly (and dose-dependently) suppressed lung tumour growth; the extract worked more effectively than the 50 mg kg−1 body weight erlotinib treatment. The extract significantly increased blood lymphocyte counts, and spleen tissue B cells, T cells and natural killer cells, and reduced the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) which is a lung adenocarcinoma biomarker. The extract also suppressed the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) inflammatory markers, and enhanced the tumour suppressor gene (phosphatase and tensin homolog, PTEN). It inhibited tumour growth cellular gene (transformed mouse 3T3 cell double minute 2 (MDM2), V-raf-leukemia viral oncogene 1 (RAF1), and mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR)) mRNA expression in the tumours. The extract is rich in scopoletin and epicatechin, which are the main phenolic compounds. The 300 mg kg−1Morinda citrifolia leaf 50% ethanolic extract showed promising potential as a complementary therapeutic dietary supplement which was more effective than the 50 mg kg−1 erlotinib in suppressing lung adenocarcinoma. Part of the mechanisms involved enhancing immune responses, suppressing proliferation and interfering with various tumour growth signalling pathways. Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16210/1/Morinda%20citrifolia%20edible%20leaf%20extract%20enhanced%20immune%20response%20against%20lung%20cancer.pdf Lim, Swee Ling and Goh, Yong Meng and Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin and Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman and Othman, Hemn Hassan and Abu Bakar, Nurul Ain and Mohamed, Suhaila (2016) Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer. Food & Function, 7 (2). pp. 741-751. ISSN 2042-6496; ESSN: 2042-650X http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2015/fo/c5fo01475a#!divAbstract 10.1039/C5FO01475A |
| spellingShingle | Lim, Swee Ling Goh, Yong Meng Mohamed Mustapha, Noordin Rahman, Heshu Sulaiman Othman, Hemn Hassan Abu Bakar, Nurul Ain Mohamed, Suhaila Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| title | Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| title_full | Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| title_fullStr | Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| title_short | Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| title_sort | morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16210/1/Morinda%20citrifolia%20edible%20leaf%20extract%20enhanced%20immune%20response%20against%20lung%20cancer.pdf |
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