Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract.
The objective of this study was to determine the anti cancer effects of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus Linn) in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro study, microtitration cytotoxic assay was done using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-il)-2,5- diphenil tetrazolium bromide (MTT) kit assay. Results showed that...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Blackwell Publishing
2004
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16261/1/Potential%20anticancer%20effect%20of%20red%20spinach.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796969019059732480 |
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| author | Rahmat, Asmah Ismail, Maznah Rosli, Rozita Abdullah Sani, Huzaimah Endrini, Susi |
| author_facet | Rahmat, Asmah Ismail, Maznah Rosli, Rozita Abdullah Sani, Huzaimah Endrini, Susi |
| author_sort | Rahmat, Asmah |
| collection | UPM |
| description | The objective of this study was to determine the anti cancer effects of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus Linn) in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro study, microtitration cytotoxic assay was done using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-il)-2,5- diphenil tetrazolium bromide (MTT) kit assay. Results showed that aqueous extract of A gangeticus inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The IC50values were 93.8 μg/ml and 98.8 μg/ml for HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively. The inhibitory effect was also observed in colon cancer cell line (Caco-2), but a lower percentage compared to HepG2 and MCF-7. For normal cell line (Chang Liver), there was no inhibitory effect. In the in vivo study, hepatocarcinogenesis was monitored in rats according to Solt and Farber (1976) without partial hepatectomy. Assay of tumour marker enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase (GST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), uridyl diphosphoglucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were carried out to determine the severity of hepatocarcinogenesis. The result found that supplementation of 5%, 7.5% and 10% of A. gangeticus aqueous extract to normal rats did not show any significant difference towards normal control (P <0.05). The exposure of the rats to chemical carcinogens diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) showed a significant increase in specific enzyme activity of GGT, GST, UDPGT and ALP compared to normal control (P <0.05). However, it was found that the supplementation of A. gangeticus aqueous extract in 5%, 7.5% and 10% to cancer-induced rats could inhibit the activity of all tumour marker enzymes especially at 10% (P 0.05). Supplementation of anti cancer drug glycyrrhizin at suggested dose (0.005%) did not show any suppressive effect towards cancer control (P <0.05). In conclusion, A. gangeticus showed anticancer potential in in vitro and in vivo studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:36:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-16261 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T07:36:54Z |
| publishDate | 2004 |
| publisher | Blackwell Publishing |
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| spelling | upm.eprints-162612015-10-29T06:56:01Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16261/ Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. Rahmat, Asmah Ismail, Maznah Rosli, Rozita Abdullah Sani, Huzaimah Endrini, Susi The objective of this study was to determine the anti cancer effects of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus Linn) in vitro and in vivo. For in vitro study, microtitration cytotoxic assay was done using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-il)-2,5- diphenil tetrazolium bromide (MTT) kit assay. Results showed that aqueous extract of A gangeticus inhibited the proliferation of liver cancer cell line (HepG2) and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The IC50values were 93.8 μg/ml and 98.8 μg/ml for HepG2 and MCF-7, respectively. The inhibitory effect was also observed in colon cancer cell line (Caco-2), but a lower percentage compared to HepG2 and MCF-7. For normal cell line (Chang Liver), there was no inhibitory effect. In the in vivo study, hepatocarcinogenesis was monitored in rats according to Solt and Farber (1976) without partial hepatectomy. Assay of tumour marker enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase (GST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), uridyl diphosphoglucuronyl transferase (UDPGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were carried out to determine the severity of hepatocarcinogenesis. The result found that supplementation of 5%, 7.5% and 10% of A. gangeticus aqueous extract to normal rats did not show any significant difference towards normal control (P <0.05). The exposure of the rats to chemical carcinogens diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) showed a significant increase in specific enzyme activity of GGT, GST, UDPGT and ALP compared to normal control (P <0.05). However, it was found that the supplementation of A. gangeticus aqueous extract in 5%, 7.5% and 10% to cancer-induced rats could inhibit the activity of all tumour marker enzymes especially at 10% (P 0.05). Supplementation of anti cancer drug glycyrrhizin at suggested dose (0.005%) did not show any suppressive effect towards cancer control (P <0.05). In conclusion, A. gangeticus showed anticancer potential in in vitro and in vivo studies. Blackwell Publishing 2004 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16261/1/Potential%20anticancer%20effect%20of%20red%20spinach.pdf Rahmat, Asmah and Ismail, Maznah and Rosli, Rozita and Abdullah Sani, Huzaimah and Endrini, Susi (2004) Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 13 (4). pp. 396-400. ISSN 0964-7058, ESSN: 1440-6047 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ Spinach - Composition Antineoplastic agents Cancer - Alternative treatment |
| spellingShingle | Spinach - Composition Antineoplastic agents Cancer - Alternative treatment Rahmat, Asmah Ismail, Maznah Rosli, Rozita Abdullah Sani, Huzaimah Endrini, Susi Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. |
| title | Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. |
| title_full | Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. |
| title_fullStr | Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. |
| title_short | Potential anticancer effect of red spinach (Amaranthus gangeticus) extract. |
| title_sort | potential anticancer effect of red spinach amaranthus gangeticus extract |
| topic | Spinach - Composition Antineoplastic agents Cancer - Alternative treatment |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/16261/1/Potential%20anticancer%20effect%20of%20red%20spinach.pdf |
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