Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007

This is a retrospective study of the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Peninsular Malaysia between 2001 and May 2007. In total, 270 outbreaks of FMD were recorded. Serotype O virus (89.95 %) and serotype A (7.7 %) had caused the outbreaks. Significant differences on the occurrence of FMD...

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Main Authors: Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah, Robertson, Ian Duncan, Edwards, John, Hassan, Latiffah, Md Isa, Kamaruddin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2013
Online Access:http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29841/1/Outbreaks%20of%20foot.pdf
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author Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah
Robertson, Ian Duncan
Edwards, John
Hassan, Latiffah
Md Isa, Kamaruddin
author_facet Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah
Robertson, Ian Duncan
Edwards, John
Hassan, Latiffah
Md Isa, Kamaruddin
author_sort Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah
collection UPM
description This is a retrospective study of the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Peninsular Malaysia between 2001 and May 2007. In total, 270 outbreaks of FMD were recorded. Serotype O virus (89.95 %) and serotype A (7.7 %) had caused the outbreaks. Significant differences on the occurrence of FMD were found between the years (t = 5.73, P = 0.000, df = 11), months (t = 4.7, P = 0.000, df = 11), monsoon season (t = 2.63, P = 0.025, df = 10) and states (t = 4.84, P = 0.001, df = 10). A peak of outbreaks observed in 2003 could be due to increased animal movement and the other peak in 2006 could be due to a compromised FMD control activities due to activities on the eradication of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Cattle (86 % of outbreaks) suffered the most. However, no difference in disease occurrence between species was observed. The populations of cattle (r = 0.672, P = 0.023) and sheep (r = 0.678, P = 0.022) were significantly correlated with occurrence of FMD. Movement of animals (66 % of outbreaks) was the main source for outbreaks. A combination of control measures were implemented during outbreaks. In conclusion, the findings of this study show that FMD is endemic in Peninsular Malaysia, and information gained could be used to improve the existing control strategy.
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spelling upm.eprints-298412015-10-30T03:11:43Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29841/ Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007 Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah Robertson, Ian Duncan Edwards, John Hassan, Latiffah Md Isa, Kamaruddin This is a retrospective study of the outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Peninsular Malaysia between 2001 and May 2007. In total, 270 outbreaks of FMD were recorded. Serotype O virus (89.95 %) and serotype A (7.7 %) had caused the outbreaks. Significant differences on the occurrence of FMD were found between the years (t = 5.73, P = 0.000, df = 11), months (t = 4.7, P = 0.000, df = 11), monsoon season (t = 2.63, P = 0.025, df = 10) and states (t = 4.84, P = 0.001, df = 10). A peak of outbreaks observed in 2003 could be due to increased animal movement and the other peak in 2006 could be due to a compromised FMD control activities due to activities on the eradication of highly pathogenic avian influenza. Cattle (86 % of outbreaks) suffered the most. However, no difference in disease occurrence between species was observed. The populations of cattle (r = 0.672, P = 0.023) and sheep (r = 0.678, P = 0.022) were significantly correlated with occurrence of FMD. Movement of animals (66 % of outbreaks) was the main source for outbreaks. A combination of control measures were implemented during outbreaks. In conclusion, the findings of this study show that FMD is endemic in Peninsular Malaysia, and information gained could be used to improve the existing control strategy. Springer 2013 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29841/1/Outbreaks%20of%20foot.pdf Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah and Robertson, Ian Duncan and Edwards, John and Hassan, Latiffah and Md Isa, Kamaruddin (2013) Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 45 (2). pp. 373-377. ISSN 0049-4747; ESSN: 1573-7438 10.1007/s11250-012-0226-x
spellingShingle Ramanoon, Siti Zubaidah
Robertson, Ian Duncan
Edwards, John
Hassan, Latiffah
Md Isa, Kamaruddin
Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007
title Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007
title_full Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007
title_fullStr Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007
title_full_unstemmed Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007
title_short Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease in Peninsular Malaysia from 2001 to 2007
title_sort outbreaks of foot and mouth disease in peninsular malaysia from 2001 to 2007
url http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/29841/1/Outbreaks%20of%20foot.pdf
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