Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review
Nitrate is harmful to humans as it can form endogenous nitrosamines which can cause cancer. The major contribution of nitrate contamination in well water is largely from agricultural activities (e.g.; fertilizers and pesticide), wastewater treatment plant discharge, animal yard and manure storage la...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Global Society of Scientific Research and Researchers
2014
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34652/1/Nitrate%20in%20groundwater%20and%20excretion%20of%20nitrate%20and%20nitrosamines%20in%20urine.pdf |
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| author | Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya Syed ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Mohd. Sham, Shaharuddin Zainal Abidin, Emilia |
| author_facet | Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya Syed ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Mohd. Sham, Shaharuddin Zainal Abidin, Emilia |
| author_sort | Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Nitrate is harmful to humans as it can form endogenous nitrosamines which can cause cancer. The major contribution of nitrate contamination in well water is largely from agricultural activities (e.g.; fertilizers and pesticide), wastewater treatment plant discharge, animal yard and manure storage lagoons. Biomarkers such as urine and saliva can be used to determine the occurrence and formation of nitrosamines in the human body. This paper provides an overview of nitrate occurrence in groundwater and the mechanism of nitrosamines formation and its excretion from human body via urine and saliva. The suitability of urine and saliva as biomarkers of endogenous nitrosamines formation were also discussed in this review. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:29:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-34652 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:29:38Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Global Society of Scientific Research and Researchers |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-346522016-01-27T02:18:36Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34652/ Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya Syed ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Mohd. Sham, Shaharuddin Zainal Abidin, Emilia Nitrate is harmful to humans as it can form endogenous nitrosamines which can cause cancer. The major contribution of nitrate contamination in well water is largely from agricultural activities (e.g.; fertilizers and pesticide), wastewater treatment plant discharge, animal yard and manure storage lagoons. Biomarkers such as urine and saliva can be used to determine the occurrence and formation of nitrosamines in the human body. This paper provides an overview of nitrate occurrence in groundwater and the mechanism of nitrosamines formation and its excretion from human body via urine and saliva. The suitability of urine and saliva as biomarkers of endogenous nitrosamines formation were also discussed in this review. Global Society of Scientific Research and Researchers 2014 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34652/1/Nitrate%20in%20groundwater%20and%20excretion%20of%20nitrate%20and%20nitrosamines%20in%20urine.pdf Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya and Syed ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah and Mohd. Sham, Shaharuddin and Zainal Abidin, Emilia (2014) Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research, 15 (2). pp. 176-191. ISSN 2307-4531 http://gssrr.org/index.php?journal=JournalOfBasicAndApplied&page=article&op=view&path[]=2946 |
| spellingShingle | Shamsuddin, Aida Soraya Syed ismail, Sharifah Norkhadijah Mohd. Sham, Shaharuddin Zainal Abidin, Emilia Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review |
| title | Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review |
| title_full | Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review |
| title_fullStr | Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review |
| title_short | Nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine: a review |
| title_sort | nitrate in groundwater and excretion of nitrate and nitrosamines in urine a review |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34652/1/Nitrate%20in%20groundwater%20and%20excretion%20of%20nitrate%20and%20nitrosamines%20in%20urine.pdf |
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