Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli
The endangered tropical tree, Aquilaria malaccensis, produces agarwood for use in fragrance and medicines. Efforts are currently underway to produce valuable agarwood compoundsn tissue culture. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal growth medium, specifically, the best hormone combinat...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Northeast Forestry University
2014
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/37377/1/Effects%20of%20plant%20growth%20regulators.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825949023822938112 |
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| author | Jayaraman, Shashita Daud, Nurul Hazwani Halis, Rasmina Mohamed, Rozi |
| author_facet | Jayaraman, Shashita Daud, Nurul Hazwani Halis, Rasmina Mohamed, Rozi |
| author_sort | Jayaraman, Shashita |
| collection | UPM |
| description | The endangered tropical tree, Aquilaria malaccensis, produces agarwood for use in fragrance and medicines. Efforts are currently underway to produce valuable agarwood compoundsn tissue culture. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal growth medium, specifically, the best hormone combination for callus suspension culture. Using nursery-grown A. malaccensis, sterilized leaf explants were first incubated on basic Murashige and Skoog (MS) gel medium containing 15g/L sucrose and at pH 5.7. Different auxin types including 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), were tested at various concentrations (0.55, 1.1 and 1.65 μM) using the basic medium. Leaf explants were incubated for 30 days in the dark. Callus induced by 1.1 μM NAA had the highest biomass dry weight (DW) of 17.3 mg; however the callus was of a compact type. This auxin concentration was then combined with either 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin at 0.55, 1.1, 2.2 or 3.3 μM to induce growth of friable callus. The 1.1μM NAA + 2.2μM BAP combination produced friable callus with the highest biomass (93.3mg DW). When testing the different carbon sources and pHs, sucrose at 15g/L and pH at 5.7 yielded highest biomasses at 87.7mg and 83mg DW, respectively. Microscopic observations revealed the arrangement of the friable cells as loosely packed with relatively large cells, while for the compact callus, the cells were small and densely packed. We concluded that MS medium containing 15 g/L sucrose, 1.1 μM NAA + 2.2 μM BAP hormone combination, and a pH of 5.7 was highly effective for inducing friable callus from leaf explants of A. malaccensis for the purpose of establishing cell suspension culture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:38:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-37377 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:38:11Z |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publisher | Northeast Forestry University |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-373772015-10-05T00:38:58Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/37377/ Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli Jayaraman, Shashita Daud, Nurul Hazwani Halis, Rasmina Mohamed, Rozi The endangered tropical tree, Aquilaria malaccensis, produces agarwood for use in fragrance and medicines. Efforts are currently underway to produce valuable agarwood compoundsn tissue culture. The purpose of this study was to develop an optimal growth medium, specifically, the best hormone combination for callus suspension culture. Using nursery-grown A. malaccensis, sterilized leaf explants were first incubated on basic Murashige and Skoog (MS) gel medium containing 15g/L sucrose and at pH 5.7. Different auxin types including 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), were tested at various concentrations (0.55, 1.1 and 1.65 μM) using the basic medium. Leaf explants were incubated for 30 days in the dark. Callus induced by 1.1 μM NAA had the highest biomass dry weight (DW) of 17.3 mg; however the callus was of a compact type. This auxin concentration was then combined with either 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin at 0.55, 1.1, 2.2 or 3.3 μM to induce growth of friable callus. The 1.1μM NAA + 2.2μM BAP combination produced friable callus with the highest biomass (93.3mg DW). When testing the different carbon sources and pHs, sucrose at 15g/L and pH at 5.7 yielded highest biomasses at 87.7mg and 83mg DW, respectively. Microscopic observations revealed the arrangement of the friable cells as loosely packed with relatively large cells, while for the compact callus, the cells were small and densely packed. We concluded that MS medium containing 15 g/L sucrose, 1.1 μM NAA + 2.2 μM BAP hormone combination, and a pH of 5.7 was highly effective for inducing friable callus from leaf explants of A. malaccensis for the purpose of establishing cell suspension culture. Northeast Forestry University 2014-09 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/37377/1/Effects%20of%20plant%20growth%20regulators.pdf Jayaraman, Shashita and Daud, Nurul Hazwani and Halis, Rasmina and Mohamed, Rozi (2014) Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli. Journal of Forestry Research, 25 (3). pp. 535-540. ISSN 1007-662X; ESSN: 1993-0607 10.1007/s11676-014-0492-8 |
| spellingShingle | Jayaraman, Shashita Daud, Nurul Hazwani Halis, Rasmina Mohamed, Rozi Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| title | Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| title_full | Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| title_fullStr | Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| title_short | Effects of plant growth regulators, carbon sources and pH values on callus induction in Aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| title_sort | effects of plant growth regulators carbon sources and ph values on callus induction in aquilaria malaccensis leaf explants and characteristics of the resultant calli |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/37377/1/Effects%20of%20plant%20growth%20regulators.pdf |
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