Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake
Mycotoxins are an important class of pollutants that are toxic and hazardous to animal and human health. Consequently, various methods have been explored to abate their effects, among which adsorbent has found prominent application. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has recen...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38155/1/38155.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796973289531244544 |
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| author | Pirouz, Atena Abbasi Selamat, Jinap Iqbal, Shahzad Zafar Samsudin, Nik Iskandar Putra |
| author_facet | Pirouz, Atena Abbasi Selamat, Jinap Iqbal, Shahzad Zafar Samsudin, Nik Iskandar Putra |
| author_sort | Pirouz, Atena Abbasi |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Mycotoxins are an important class of pollutants that are toxic and hazardous to animal and human health. Consequently, various methods have been explored to abate their effects, among which adsorbent has found prominent application. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has recently been applied for the concurrent evaluation of multiple mycotoxins. This study investigated the optimization of the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins in palm kernel cake (PKC) using chitosan. The removal of 11 mycotoxins such as aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) and trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 and T-2 toxin) from palm kernel cake (PKC) was studied. The effects of operating parameters such as pH (3–6), temperature (30–50 °C) and time (4–8 h) on the removal of the mycotoxins were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Response surface models obtained with R2 values ranging from 0.89–0.98 fitted well with the experimental data, except for the trichothecenes. The optimum point was obtained at pH 4, 8 h and 35 °C. The maximum removal achieved with chitosan for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTA, ZEA, FB1 and FB2 under the optimized conditions were 94.35, 45.90, 82.11, 84.29, 90.03, 51.30, 90.53 and 90.18%, respectively. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:40:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-38155 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:40:27Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-381552020-05-03T22:59:50Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38155/ Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake Pirouz, Atena Abbasi Selamat, Jinap Iqbal, Shahzad Zafar Samsudin, Nik Iskandar Putra Mycotoxins are an important class of pollutants that are toxic and hazardous to animal and human health. Consequently, various methods have been explored to abate their effects, among which adsorbent has found prominent application. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) has recently been applied for the concurrent evaluation of multiple mycotoxins. This study investigated the optimization of the simultaneous removal of mycotoxins in palm kernel cake (PKC) using chitosan. The removal of 11 mycotoxins such as aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2), ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEA), fumonisins (FB1 and FB2) and trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol (DON), HT-2 and T-2 toxin) from palm kernel cake (PKC) was studied. The effects of operating parameters such as pH (3–6), temperature (30–50 °C) and time (4–8 h) on the removal of the mycotoxins were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Response surface models obtained with R2 values ranging from 0.89–0.98 fitted well with the experimental data, except for the trichothecenes. The optimum point was obtained at pH 4, 8 h and 35 °C. The maximum removal achieved with chitosan for AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, OTA, ZEA, FB1 and FB2 under the optimized conditions were 94.35, 45.90, 82.11, 84.29, 90.03, 51.30, 90.53 and 90.18%, respectively. MDPI 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38155/1/38155.pdf Pirouz, Atena Abbasi and Selamat, Jinap and Iqbal, Shahzad Zafar and Samsudin, Nik Iskandar Putra (2020) Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake. Toxins, 12 (2). art. no. 115. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2072-6651 https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/2/115 10.3390/toxins12020115 |
| spellingShingle | Pirouz, Atena Abbasi Selamat, Jinap Iqbal, Shahzad Zafar Samsudin, Nik Iskandar Putra Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| title | Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| title_full | Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| title_fullStr | Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| title_short | Efficient and simultaneous chitosan-mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| title_sort | efficient and simultaneous chitosan mediated removal of 11 mycotoxins from palm kernel cake |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/38155/1/38155.pdf |
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