Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia
The relationship between abundance of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Smith) and damage to cocoa pods caused by Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen was examined in a series of experiments. Pods were harvested from ant-abundant and ant-scarce plots and categorized into fully extractable, partially extractable a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
1996
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/42353/1/Influence%20of%20Dolichoderus%20thoracicus%20%28Hymenoptera%20Formicidae%29%20on%20cocoa%20pod%20damage%20by%20Conopomorpha%20cramerella%20%28Lepidoptera%20Gracillariidae%29%20in%20Malaysia.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825929144897110016 |
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| author | See, Y. A. Khoo, K. C. |
| author_facet | See, Y. A. Khoo, K. C. |
| author_sort | See, Y. A. |
| collection | UPM |
| description | The relationship between abundance of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Smith) and damage to cocoa pods caused by Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen was examined in a series of experiments. Pods were harvested from ant-abundant and ant-scarce plots and categorized into fully extractable, partially extractable and unextractable, the last category reflecting the most severe degree of C. cramerella infestation. An abundance of D. thoracicus was associated with significant reductions in the percentage unextractable pods but had little or no influence on the other two categories. Mean percentage pods infested was generally kept below 50% in ant-abundant plots and mostly exceeded the 50% level in ant-scarce plots. Other studies were: a survey of individual pods relating rate of infestation by C. cramerella to D. thoracicus abundance, an experiment which examined the effect of D. thoracicus exclusion on the rate of C. cramerella infestation, and a count of exit holes made by emerging prepupae of C. cramerella in relation to varying degrees of D. thoracicus abundance. The results showed a clear negative effect of D. thoracicus abundance on C. cramerella infestation rate. The results also indicated that the protection conferred by D. thoracicus was largely confined to the particular pod on which it was present. Rat damage, monitored as a subsidiary study, was higher in ant-scarce plots throughout the study period. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:52:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-42353 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T08:52:33Z |
| publishDate | 1996 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-423532016-04-13T03:41:23Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/42353/ Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia See, Y. A. Khoo, K. C. The relationship between abundance of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Smith) and damage to cocoa pods caused by Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen was examined in a series of experiments. Pods were harvested from ant-abundant and ant-scarce plots and categorized into fully extractable, partially extractable and unextractable, the last category reflecting the most severe degree of C. cramerella infestation. An abundance of D. thoracicus was associated with significant reductions in the percentage unextractable pods but had little or no influence on the other two categories. Mean percentage pods infested was generally kept below 50% in ant-abundant plots and mostly exceeded the 50% level in ant-scarce plots. Other studies were: a survey of individual pods relating rate of infestation by C. cramerella to D. thoracicus abundance, an experiment which examined the effect of D. thoracicus exclusion on the rate of C. cramerella infestation, and a count of exit holes made by emerging prepupae of C. cramerella in relation to varying degrees of D. thoracicus abundance. The results showed a clear negative effect of D. thoracicus abundance on C. cramerella infestation rate. The results also indicated that the protection conferred by D. thoracicus was largely confined to the particular pod on which it was present. Rat damage, monitored as a subsidiary study, was higher in ant-scarce plots throughout the study period. Cambridge University Press 1996-08 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/42353/1/Influence%20of%20Dolichoderus%20thoracicus%20%28Hymenoptera%20Formicidae%29%20on%20cocoa%20pod%20damage%20by%20Conopomorpha%20cramerella%20%28Lepidoptera%20Gracillariidae%29%20in%20Malaysia.pdf See, Y. A. and Khoo, K. C. (1996) Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia. Bulletin of Entomological Research, 86 (4). pp. 467-474. ISSN 0007-4853; ESSN: 1475-2670 http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=2502272 10.1017/S0007485300035045 |
| spellingShingle | See, Y. A. Khoo, K. C. Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia |
| title | Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia |
| title_full | Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia |
| title_short | Influence of Dolichoderus thoracicus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on cocoa pod damage by Conopomorpha cramerella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in Malaysia |
| title_sort | influence of dolichoderus thoracicus hymenoptera formicidae on cocoa pod damage by conopomorpha cramerella lepidoptera gracillariidae in malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/42353/1/Influence%20of%20Dolichoderus%20thoracicus%20%28Hymenoptera%20Formicidae%29%20on%20cocoa%20pod%20damage%20by%20Conopomorpha%20cramerella%20%28Lepidoptera%20Gracillariidae%29%20in%20Malaysia.pdf |
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