Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity
Malaria remains a major public health problem due to the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant to chloroquine. There is an urgent need to investigate new and effective sources of antimalarial drugs. This research proposed a novel method of fern-mediated synthesis of silver...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2016
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47392/1/Fern-synthesized%20nanoparticles%20in%20the%20fight%20against%20malaria%20LCMS%20analysis%20of%20Pteridium%20aquilinum%20leaf%20extract%20and%20biosynthesis%20of%20silver%20nanoparticles%20with%20high%20mosquitocidal%20and%20antiplasmodial%20activity.pdf |
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| author | Panneerselvam, Chellasamy Murugan, Kadarkarai Roni, Mathath Aziz, Al Thabiani Suresh, Udaiyan Rajaganesh, Rajapandian Madhiyazhagan, Pari Subramaniam, Jayapal Dinesh, Devakumar Nicoletti, Marcello Higuchi, Akon Alarfaj, Abdullah A. Munusamy, Murugan A. Kumar, Suresh Desneux, Nicolas Benelli, Giovanni |
| author_facet | Panneerselvam, Chellasamy Murugan, Kadarkarai Roni, Mathath Aziz, Al Thabiani Suresh, Udaiyan Rajaganesh, Rajapandian Madhiyazhagan, Pari Subramaniam, Jayapal Dinesh, Devakumar Nicoletti, Marcello Higuchi, Akon Alarfaj, Abdullah A. Munusamy, Murugan A. Kumar, Suresh Desneux, Nicolas Benelli, Giovanni |
| author_sort | Panneerselvam, Chellasamy |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Malaria remains a major public health problem due to the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant to chloroquine. There is an urgent need to investigate new and effective sources of antimalarial drugs. This research proposed a novel method of fern-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using a cheap plant extract of Pteridium aquilinum, acting as a reducing and capping agent. AgNP were characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phytochemical analysis of P. aquilinum leaf extract revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. LC/MS analysis identified at least 19 compounds, namely pterosin, hydroquinone, hydroxy-acetophenone, hydroxy-cinnamic acid, 5, 7-dihydroxy-4-methyl coumarin, trans-cinnamic acid, apiole, quercetin 3-glucoside, hydroxy-L-proline, hypaphorine, khellol glucoside, umbelliferose, violaxanthin, ergotamine tartrate, palmatine chloride, deacylgymnemic acid, methyl laurate, and palmitoyl acetate. In DPPH scavenging assays, the IC50 value of the P. aquilinum leaf extract was 10.04 μg/ml, while IC50 of BHT and rutin were 7.93 and 6.35 μg/ml. In mosquitocidal assays, LC50 of P. aquilinum leaf extract against Anopheles stephensi larvae and pupae were 220.44 ppm (larva I), 254.12 ppm (II), 302.32 ppm (III), 395.12 ppm (IV), and 502.20 ppm (pupa). LC50 of P. aquilinum-synthesized AgNP were 7.48 ppm (I), 10.68 ppm (II), 13.77 ppm (III), 18.45 ppm (IV), and 31.51 ppm (pupa). In the field, the application of P. aquilinum extract and AgNP (10 × LC50) led to 100 % larval reduction after 72 h. Both the P. aquilinum extract and AgNP reduced longevity and fecundity of An. stephensi adults. Smoke toxicity experiments conducted against An. stephensi adults showed that P. aquilinum leaf-, stem-, and root-based coils evoked mortality rates comparable to the permethrin-based positive control (57, 50, 41, and 49 %, respectively). Furthermore, the antiplasmodial activity of P. aquilinum leaf extract and green-synthesized AgNP was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of P. falciparum. IC50 of P. aquilinum were 62.04 μg/ml (CQ-s) and 71.16 μg/ml (CQ-r); P. aquilinum-synthesized AgNP achieved IC50 of 78.12 μg/ml (CQ-s) and 88.34 μg/ml (CQ-r). Overall, our results highlighted that fern-synthesized AgNP could be candidated as a new tool against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum and different developmental instars of its primary vector An. stephensi. Further research on nanosynthesis routed by the LC/MS-identified constituents is ongoing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:01:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-47392 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:01:58Z |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-473922016-05-19T07:13:09Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47392/ Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity Panneerselvam, Chellasamy Murugan, Kadarkarai Roni, Mathath Aziz, Al Thabiani Suresh, Udaiyan Rajaganesh, Rajapandian Madhiyazhagan, Pari Subramaniam, Jayapal Dinesh, Devakumar Nicoletti, Marcello Higuchi, Akon Alarfaj, Abdullah A. Munusamy, Murugan A. Kumar, Suresh Desneux, Nicolas Benelli, Giovanni Malaria remains a major public health problem due to the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant to chloroquine. There is an urgent need to investigate new and effective sources of antimalarial drugs. This research proposed a novel method of fern-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) using a cheap plant extract of Pteridium aquilinum, acting as a reducing and capping agent. AgNP were characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phytochemical analysis of P. aquilinum leaf extract revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, proteins, carbohydrates, saponins, glycosides, steroids, and triterpenoids. LC/MS analysis identified at least 19 compounds, namely pterosin, hydroquinone, hydroxy-acetophenone, hydroxy-cinnamic acid, 5, 7-dihydroxy-4-methyl coumarin, trans-cinnamic acid, apiole, quercetin 3-glucoside, hydroxy-L-proline, hypaphorine, khellol glucoside, umbelliferose, violaxanthin, ergotamine tartrate, palmatine chloride, deacylgymnemic acid, methyl laurate, and palmitoyl acetate. In DPPH scavenging assays, the IC50 value of the P. aquilinum leaf extract was 10.04 μg/ml, while IC50 of BHT and rutin were 7.93 and 6.35 μg/ml. In mosquitocidal assays, LC50 of P. aquilinum leaf extract against Anopheles stephensi larvae and pupae were 220.44 ppm (larva I), 254.12 ppm (II), 302.32 ppm (III), 395.12 ppm (IV), and 502.20 ppm (pupa). LC50 of P. aquilinum-synthesized AgNP were 7.48 ppm (I), 10.68 ppm (II), 13.77 ppm (III), 18.45 ppm (IV), and 31.51 ppm (pupa). In the field, the application of P. aquilinum extract and AgNP (10 × LC50) led to 100 % larval reduction after 72 h. Both the P. aquilinum extract and AgNP reduced longevity and fecundity of An. stephensi adults. Smoke toxicity experiments conducted against An. stephensi adults showed that P. aquilinum leaf-, stem-, and root-based coils evoked mortality rates comparable to the permethrin-based positive control (57, 50, 41, and 49 %, respectively). Furthermore, the antiplasmodial activity of P. aquilinum leaf extract and green-synthesized AgNP was evaluated against CQ-resistant (CQ-r) and CQ-sensitive (CQ-s) strains of P. falciparum. IC50 of P. aquilinum were 62.04 μg/ml (CQ-s) and 71.16 μg/ml (CQ-r); P. aquilinum-synthesized AgNP achieved IC50 of 78.12 μg/ml (CQ-s) and 88.34 μg/ml (CQ-r). Overall, our results highlighted that fern-synthesized AgNP could be candidated as a new tool against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum and different developmental instars of its primary vector An. stephensi. Further research on nanosynthesis routed by the LC/MS-identified constituents is ongoing. Springer 2016 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47392/1/Fern-synthesized%20nanoparticles%20in%20the%20fight%20against%20malaria%20LCMS%20analysis%20of%20Pteridium%20aquilinum%20leaf%20extract%20and%20biosynthesis%20of%20silver%20nanoparticles%20with%20high%20mosquitocidal%20and%20antiplasmodial%20activity.pdf Panneerselvam, Chellasamy and Murugan, Kadarkarai and Roni, Mathath and Aziz, Al Thabiani and Suresh, Udaiyan and Rajaganesh, Rajapandian and Madhiyazhagan, Pari and Subramaniam, Jayapal and Dinesh, Devakumar and Nicoletti, Marcello and Higuchi, Akon and Alarfaj, Abdullah A. and Munusamy, Murugan A. and Kumar, Suresh and Desneux, Nicolas and Benelli, Giovanni (2016) Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity. Parasitology Research, 115 (3). pp. 997-1013. ISSN 0932-0113; ESSN: 1432-1955 http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00436-015-4828-x 10.1007/s00436-015-4828-x |
| spellingShingle | Panneerselvam, Chellasamy Murugan, Kadarkarai Roni, Mathath Aziz, Al Thabiani Suresh, Udaiyan Rajaganesh, Rajapandian Madhiyazhagan, Pari Subramaniam, Jayapal Dinesh, Devakumar Nicoletti, Marcello Higuchi, Akon Alarfaj, Abdullah A. Munusamy, Murugan A. Kumar, Suresh Desneux, Nicolas Benelli, Giovanni Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| title | Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| title_full | Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| title_fullStr | Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| title_short | Fern-synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria: LC/MS analysis of Pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| title_sort | fern synthesized nanoparticles in the fight against malaria lc ms analysis of pteridium aquilinum leaf extract and biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with high mosquitocidal and antiplasmodial activity |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/47392/1/Fern-synthesized%20nanoparticles%20in%20the%20fight%20against%20malaria%20LCMS%20analysis%20of%20Pteridium%20aquilinum%20leaf%20extract%20and%20biosynthesis%20of%20silver%20nanoparticles%20with%20high%20mosquitocidal%20and%20antiplasmodial%20activity.pdf |
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