Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract
The edible red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii or Eucheuma cottonii is commercially cultivated in the pristine tropical seas for carrageenan production. The systemic, cellular, and molecular effects of E. cottonii 50% alcohol extract [seaweed E. cottonii ethanol extract (SECE)] on breast cancer were i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2017
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57016/1/Changes%20in%20rats%27%20breast%20tumor%20ultrastructure%20and%20immune%20and%20messenger%20RNA%20responses%20caused%20by%20dietary%20seaweed%20%28Kappaphycus%20alvarezii%29%20extract.pdf |
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| author | Abu Bakar, Nurul'Ain Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi Mohamad Shalan, Noraijratul Asikin Mohamed, Suhaila |
| author_facet | Abu Bakar, Nurul'Ain Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi Mohamad Shalan, Noraijratul Asikin Mohamed, Suhaila |
| author_sort | Abu Bakar, Nurul'Ain |
| collection | UPM |
| description | The edible red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii or Eucheuma cottonii is commercially cultivated in the pristine tropical seas for carrageenan production. The systemic, cellular, and molecular effects of E. cottonii 50% alcohol extract [seaweed E. cottonii ethanol extract (SECE)] on breast cancer were investigated in a rat model. Mammary tumor was induced by subcutaneously injecting LA7 cells in female rat mammary pads. After 2 weeks of cancer growth, the rats received oral administration of either SECE [150 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 300 mg/kg BW] or tamoxifen. Electron microscopy imaging results confirmed macrophage activity and hematoxylin and eosin staining indicated that tumor histopathological alterations were restored toward normal structures by the seaweed extract. The extract suppressed tumor development and modulated the immune responses. This was evidenced by the microscopic observations, the increased spleen weight, size, spleen CD19 B cells, and blood immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. The extract also increased the circulating total white blood cells, lymphocytes, segmented neutrophils count, T cells (CD3), T-helper cells (CD4), cytotoxic T cell (CD8), and nuclear factor-kappa beta expressions. The extract enhanced cancer cell death, by upregulating the Birc5, Chk1, and p53 levels and downregulating the tumor growth cellular Mdm2 (transformed mouse 3T3 cell double minute 2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. The extract showed no toxicity at 150 mg/kg BW in rats. The lectin-rich SECE showed tumor suppression by enhancing immune responses and upregulating the cancer cell apoptosis mRNA expressions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:28:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-57016 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:28:07Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-570162017-09-07T03:09:10Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57016/ Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract Abu Bakar, Nurul'Ain Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi Mohamad Shalan, Noraijratul Asikin Mohamed, Suhaila The edible red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii or Eucheuma cottonii is commercially cultivated in the pristine tropical seas for carrageenan production. The systemic, cellular, and molecular effects of E. cottonii 50% alcohol extract [seaweed E. cottonii ethanol extract (SECE)] on breast cancer were investigated in a rat model. Mammary tumor was induced by subcutaneously injecting LA7 cells in female rat mammary pads. After 2 weeks of cancer growth, the rats received oral administration of either SECE [150 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 300 mg/kg BW] or tamoxifen. Electron microscopy imaging results confirmed macrophage activity and hematoxylin and eosin staining indicated that tumor histopathological alterations were restored toward normal structures by the seaweed extract. The extract suppressed tumor development and modulated the immune responses. This was evidenced by the microscopic observations, the increased spleen weight, size, spleen CD19 B cells, and blood immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. The extract also increased the circulating total white blood cells, lymphocytes, segmented neutrophils count, T cells (CD3), T-helper cells (CD4), cytotoxic T cell (CD8), and nuclear factor-kappa beta expressions. The extract enhanced cancer cell death, by upregulating the Birc5, Chk1, and p53 levels and downregulating the tumor growth cellular Mdm2 (transformed mouse 3T3 cell double minute 2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. The extract showed no toxicity at 150 mg/kg BW in rats. The lectin-rich SECE showed tumor suppression by enhancing immune responses and upregulating the cancer cell apoptosis mRNA expressions. Elsevier 2017 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57016/1/Changes%20in%20rats%27%20breast%20tumor%20ultrastructure%20and%20immune%20and%20messenger%20RNA%20responses%20caused%20by%20dietary%20seaweed%20%28Kappaphycus%20alvarezii%29%20extract.pdf Abu Bakar, Nurul'Ain and Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi and Mohamad Shalan, Noraijratul Asikin and Mohamed, Suhaila (2017) Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract. Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure, 5 (2). pp. 70-81. ISSN 2213-879X; ESSN: 2213-8803 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213879X16300438#! 10.1016/j.jmau.2016.08.001 |
| spellingShingle | Abu Bakar, Nurul'Ain Tengku Ibrahim, Tengku Azmi Mohamad Shalan, Noraijratul Asikin Mohamed, Suhaila Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract |
| title | Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract |
| title_full | Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract |
| title_fullStr | Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract |
| title_short | Changes in rats' breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger RNA responses caused by dietary seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) extract |
| title_sort | changes in rats breast tumor ultrastructure and immune and messenger rna responses caused by dietary seaweed kappaphycus alvarezii extract |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/57016/1/Changes%20in%20rats%27%20breast%20tumor%20ultrastructure%20and%20immune%20and%20messenger%20RNA%20responses%20caused%20by%20dietary%20seaweed%20%28Kappaphycus%20alvarezii%29%20extract.pdf |
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