A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish
So far, several classes of digesting solutions have been employed to extract microplastics (MPs) from biological matrices. However, the performance of digesting solutions across different temperatures has never been systematically investigated. In the first phase of the present study, we measured th...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2017
|
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60664/1/A%20high-performance%20protocol%20for%20extraction%20of%20microplastics%20in%20fish.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796977345644462080 |
|---|---|
| author | Varnamkhasti, Ali Karami Golieskardi, Abolfazl Cheng, Keong Choo Romano, Nicholas Paul Ho, Yu Bin Salamatinia, Babak |
| author_facet | Varnamkhasti, Ali Karami Golieskardi, Abolfazl Cheng, Keong Choo Romano, Nicholas Paul Ho, Yu Bin Salamatinia, Babak |
| author_sort | Varnamkhasti, Ali Karami |
| collection | UPM |
| description | So far, several classes of digesting solutions have been employed to extract microplastics (MPs) from biological matrices. However, the performance of digesting solutions across different temperatures has never been systematically investigated. In the first phase of the present study, we measured the efficiency of different oxidative agents (NaClO or H2O2), bases (NaOH or KOH), and acids [HCl or HNO3; concentrated and diluted (5%)] in digesting fish tissues at room temperature (RT, 25 °C), 40, 50, or 60 °C. In the second phase, the treatments that were efficient in digesting the biological materials (> 95%) were evaluated for their compatibility with eight major plastic polymers (assessed through recovery rate, Raman spectroscopy analysis, and morphological changes). Among the tested solutions, NaClO, NaOH, and diluted acids did not result in a satisfactory digestion efficiency at any of the temperatures. The H2O2 treatment at 50 °C efficiently digested the biological materials, although it decreased the recovery rate of nylon-6 (NY6) and nylon-66 (NY66) and altered the colour of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fragments. Similarly, concentrated HCl and HNO3 treatments at RT fully digested the fish tissues, but also fully dissolved NY6 and NY66, and reduced the recovery rate of most or all of the polymers, respectively. Potassium hydroxide solution fully eliminated the biological matrices at all temperatures. However, at 50 and 60 °C, it degraded PET, reduced the recovery rate of PET and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and changed the colour of NY66. According to our results, treating biological materials with a 10% KOH solution and incubating at 40 °C was both time and cost-effective, efficient in digesting biological materials, and had no impact on the integrity of the plastic polymers. Furthermore, coupling this treatment with NaI extraction created a promising protocol to isolate MPs from whole fish samples. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:38:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-60664 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:38:43Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-606642018-05-17T07:40:20Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60664/ A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish Varnamkhasti, Ali Karami Golieskardi, Abolfazl Cheng, Keong Choo Romano, Nicholas Paul Ho, Yu Bin Salamatinia, Babak So far, several classes of digesting solutions have been employed to extract microplastics (MPs) from biological matrices. However, the performance of digesting solutions across different temperatures has never been systematically investigated. In the first phase of the present study, we measured the efficiency of different oxidative agents (NaClO or H2O2), bases (NaOH or KOH), and acids [HCl or HNO3; concentrated and diluted (5%)] in digesting fish tissues at room temperature (RT, 25 °C), 40, 50, or 60 °C. In the second phase, the treatments that were efficient in digesting the biological materials (> 95%) were evaluated for their compatibility with eight major plastic polymers (assessed through recovery rate, Raman spectroscopy analysis, and morphological changes). Among the tested solutions, NaClO, NaOH, and diluted acids did not result in a satisfactory digestion efficiency at any of the temperatures. The H2O2 treatment at 50 °C efficiently digested the biological materials, although it decreased the recovery rate of nylon-6 (NY6) and nylon-66 (NY66) and altered the colour of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fragments. Similarly, concentrated HCl and HNO3 treatments at RT fully digested the fish tissues, but also fully dissolved NY6 and NY66, and reduced the recovery rate of most or all of the polymers, respectively. Potassium hydroxide solution fully eliminated the biological matrices at all temperatures. However, at 50 and 60 °C, it degraded PET, reduced the recovery rate of PET and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and changed the colour of NY66. According to our results, treating biological materials with a 10% KOH solution and incubating at 40 °C was both time and cost-effective, efficient in digesting biological materials, and had no impact on the integrity of the plastic polymers. Furthermore, coupling this treatment with NaI extraction created a promising protocol to isolate MPs from whole fish samples. Elsevier 2017-02 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60664/1/A%20high-performance%20protocol%20for%20extraction%20of%20microplastics%20in%20fish.pdf Varnamkhasti, Ali Karami and Golieskardi, Abolfazl and Cheng, Keong Choo and Romano, Nicholas Paul and Ho, Yu Bin and Salamatinia, Babak (2017) A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish. Science of The Total Environment, 578. pp. 485-494. ISSN 0048-9697; ESSN: 1879-1026 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.213 |
| spellingShingle | Varnamkhasti, Ali Karami Golieskardi, Abolfazl Cheng, Keong Choo Romano, Nicholas Paul Ho, Yu Bin Salamatinia, Babak A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| title | A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| title_full | A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| title_fullStr | A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| title_full_unstemmed | A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| title_short | A high-performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| title_sort | high performance protocol for extraction of microplastics in fish |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/60664/1/A%20high-performance%20protocol%20for%20extraction%20of%20microplastics%20in%20fish.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT varnamkhastialikarami ahighperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT golieskardiabolfazl ahighperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT chengkeongchoo ahighperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT romanonicholaspaul ahighperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT hoyubin ahighperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT salamatiniababak ahighperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT varnamkhastialikarami highperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT golieskardiabolfazl highperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT chengkeongchoo highperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT romanonicholaspaul highperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT hoyubin highperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish AT salamatiniababak highperformanceprotocolforextractionofmicroplasticsinfish |