Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia
Rice productivity is limited by many pests, especially Pomacea spp. in Southeast Asia. Pomacea spp. damage to rice depends on sowing methods, flooded conditions, and snail densities in the field. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of different sowing methods, water levels, and snail d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2017
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63268/1/Sowing%20methods%20and%20water%20levels%20influence%20apple%20snail%20damage%20to%20rice%20and%20its%20yield%20in%20peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf |
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| author | Arfan, A. G. Muhamad, R. Omar, D. Norazwady, A. A. Manjeri, G. |
| author_facet | Arfan, A. G. Muhamad, R. Omar, D. Norazwady, A. A. Manjeri, G. |
| author_sort | Arfan, A. G. |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Rice productivity is limited by many pests, especially Pomacea spp. in Southeast Asia. Pomacea spp. damage to rice depends on sowing methods, flooded conditions, and snail densities in the field. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of different sowing methods, water levels, and snail density (1, 2, and 3 snails per plot) on the damage potential of Pomacea maculata and Pomacea canaliculata to rice and its yield. Both species caused complete loss of crop in direct seeding and 14 days old transplanted rice. The least damage by both species was recorded in 21 and 28 days old transplanted rice with no further damage after week five. Irrigation and snail density also influenced damage whereby highest damage was recorded in rice grown with 5 cm water level in comparison to 2 cm. At 2 cm water level, damage by various snail densities was trivial. However, in 5 cm water level, damage increased with the increasing snail density and the highest damage was observed at three snails per plot of either species. No difference in inflicted damage to various treatments was observed between two species, suggesting their equal damage potential on rice. Meanwhile, rice yields in 2 cm water level treatments were compatible with 5 cm control treatment. The least yield was recorded in treatments with three snails per plot of either species at 5 cm water level. Understanding the effect of sowing method and suitable water level is important as it can be further incorporated into rice cultivation practices to reduce damage of apple snails and ensure a high yield during harvest. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:44:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-63268 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T09:44:08Z |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-632682018-09-26T02:31:21Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63268/ Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia Arfan, A. G. Muhamad, R. Omar, D. Norazwady, A. A. Manjeri, G. Rice productivity is limited by many pests, especially Pomacea spp. in Southeast Asia. Pomacea spp. damage to rice depends on sowing methods, flooded conditions, and snail densities in the field. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of different sowing methods, water levels, and snail density (1, 2, and 3 snails per plot) on the damage potential of Pomacea maculata and Pomacea canaliculata to rice and its yield. Both species caused complete loss of crop in direct seeding and 14 days old transplanted rice. The least damage by both species was recorded in 21 and 28 days old transplanted rice with no further damage after week five. Irrigation and snail density also influenced damage whereby highest damage was recorded in rice grown with 5 cm water level in comparison to 2 cm. At 2 cm water level, damage by various snail densities was trivial. However, in 5 cm water level, damage increased with the increasing snail density and the highest damage was observed at three snails per plot of either species. No difference in inflicted damage to various treatments was observed between two species, suggesting their equal damage potential on rice. Meanwhile, rice yields in 2 cm water level treatments were compatible with 5 cm control treatment. The least yield was recorded in treatments with three snails per plot of either species at 5 cm water level. Understanding the effect of sowing method and suitable water level is important as it can be further incorporated into rice cultivation practices to reduce damage of apple snails and ensure a high yield during harvest. Cambridge University Press 2017 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63268/1/Sowing%20methods%20and%20water%20levels%20influence%20apple%20snail%20damage%20to%20rice%20and%20its%20yield%20in%20peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf Arfan, A. G. and Muhamad, R. and Omar, D. and Norazwady, A. A. and Manjeri, G. (2017) Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia. Experimental Agriculture, 53 (4). 528 - 538. ISSN 0014-4797; ESSN: 1469-4441 https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/experimental-agriculture/article/sowing-methods-and-water-levels-influence-apple-snail-damage-to-rice-and-its-yield-in-peninsular-malaysia/1876DA2EDDB8244ECE8C8C948A9D33E9 10.1017/S0014479716000557 |
| spellingShingle | Arfan, A. G. Muhamad, R. Omar, D. Norazwady, A. A. Manjeri, G. Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia |
| title | Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full | Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia |
| title_fullStr | Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia |
| title_short | Sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular Malaysia |
| title_sort | sowing methods and water levels influence apple snail damage to rice and its yield in peninsular malaysia |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63268/1/Sowing%20methods%20and%20water%20levels%20influence%20apple%20snail%20damage%20to%20rice%20and%20its%20yield%20in%20peninsular%20Malaysia.pdf |
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