Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria
The present study assessed the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of hexane (ASHE) and dichloromethane (ASDE) extracts of Allium stipitatum (Persian shallot) against planktonic cells and biofilm structures of clinically significant antibiotic resistant pathogens, with a special emphasi...
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| Format: | Article |
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Hindawi Publishing
2018
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| _version_ | 1825950170068549632 |
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| author | Karunanidhi, Arunkumar Ghaznavi-Rad, Ehsanollah Hamat, Rukman Awang Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao Than, Leslie Thian Lung Mohd Fauzi, Fazlin Chigurupati, Sridevi Belkum, Alex van Neela, Vasanthakumari |
| author_facet | Karunanidhi, Arunkumar Ghaznavi-Rad, Ehsanollah Hamat, Rukman Awang Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao Than, Leslie Thian Lung Mohd Fauzi, Fazlin Chigurupati, Sridevi Belkum, Alex van Neela, Vasanthakumari |
| author_sort | Karunanidhi, Arunkumar |
| collection | UPM |
| description | The present study assessed the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of hexane (ASHE) and dichloromethane (ASDE) extracts of Allium stipitatum (Persian shallot) against planktonic cells and biofilm structures of clinically significant antibiotic resistant pathogens, with a special emphasis on methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and emerging pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Antibacterial activities were determined through disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), time-kill kinetics, and electron microscopy. Antibiofilm activity was assessed by XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] reduction assay and by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The zone of inhibition ranged from 13 to 33 mm, while the MICs and MBCs ranged from 16 to 1024 μg mL−1. Both ASHE and ASDE completely eradicated overnight cultures of the test microorganisms, including antibiotic resistant strains. Time-kill studies showed that the extracts were strongly bactericidal against planktonic cultures of S. aureus, MRSA, Acinetobacter baumannii, and S. maltophilia as early as 4 hours postinoculation (hpi). ASHE and ASDE were shown to inhibit preformed biofilms of the four biofilm phenotypes tested. Our results demonstrate the potential therapeutic application of ASHE and ASDE to inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative biofilms of clinical significance and warrant further investigation of the potential of A. stipitatum bulbs against biofilm-related drug resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:10:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-73148 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:10:31Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publisher | Hindawi Publishing |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-731482023-01-26T01:35:58Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/73148/ Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria Karunanidhi, Arunkumar Ghaznavi-Rad, Ehsanollah Hamat, Rukman Awang Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao Than, Leslie Thian Lung Mohd Fauzi, Fazlin Chigurupati, Sridevi Belkum, Alex van Neela, Vasanthakumari The present study assessed the in vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of hexane (ASHE) and dichloromethane (ASDE) extracts of Allium stipitatum (Persian shallot) against planktonic cells and biofilm structures of clinically significant antibiotic resistant pathogens, with a special emphasis on methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and emerging pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Antibacterial activities were determined through disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), time-kill kinetics, and electron microscopy. Antibiofilm activity was assessed by XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfo-phenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide] reduction assay and by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The zone of inhibition ranged from 13 to 33 mm, while the MICs and MBCs ranged from 16 to 1024 μg mL−1. Both ASHE and ASDE completely eradicated overnight cultures of the test microorganisms, including antibiotic resistant strains. Time-kill studies showed that the extracts were strongly bactericidal against planktonic cultures of S. aureus, MRSA, Acinetobacter baumannii, and S. maltophilia as early as 4 hours postinoculation (hpi). ASHE and ASDE were shown to inhibit preformed biofilms of the four biofilm phenotypes tested. Our results demonstrate the potential therapeutic application of ASHE and ASDE to inhibit the growth of gram-positive and gram-negative biofilms of clinical significance and warrant further investigation of the potential of A. stipitatum bulbs against biofilm-related drug resistance. Hindawi Publishing 2018 Article PeerReviewed Karunanidhi, Arunkumar and Ghaznavi-Rad, Ehsanollah and Hamat, Rukman Awang and Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao and Than, Leslie Thian Lung and Mohd Fauzi, Fazlin and Chigurupati, Sridevi and Belkum, Alex van and Neela, Vasanthakumari (2018) Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria. Biomed Research International, 2018. pp. 1-14. ISSN 2314-6133; ESSN: 2314-6141 https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2018/9845075/ 10.1155/2018/9845075 |
| spellingShingle | Karunanidhi, Arunkumar Ghaznavi-Rad, Ehsanollah Hamat, Rukman Awang Pichika, Mallikarjuna Rao Than, Leslie Thian Lung Mohd Fauzi, Fazlin Chigurupati, Sridevi Belkum, Alex van Neela, Vasanthakumari Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria |
| title | Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria |
| title_full | Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria |
| title_short | Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of Allium stipitatum regel. against multidrug resistant bacteria |
| title_sort | antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of nonpolar extracts of allium stipitatum regel against multidrug resistant bacteria |
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