| Summary: | Curcuma xanthorrhiza is a natural source of traditional medicines with numerous biological properties. This
study profiles the metabolites in different fractions (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol) of the
ethanolic extracts of C. xanthorrhiza using a nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics approach. The
nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory activity was determined using a Griess assay. The bioactivity and phytochemical
constituents were correlated using partial least squares regression that indicated the differences between the 4
solvents based on the identified metabolites and their bioactivities. The results showed that the ethyl acetate
fractions of C. xanthorrhiza had the highest NO inhibitory activity, this high activity is associated with the large
quantity of curcuminoids found in this fraction. The metabolites that are responsible for the bioactivity are
curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, l-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-heptene-3,5-dione, and 1-(4-
hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione. Ultra-performance
liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify more metabolites in the active fraction,
including bisdemethoxycurcumin and 1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-heptane-3,5-diol. The findings suggested
that the ethyl acetate fraction of C. xanthorrhiza showed significant activity and can be a potential natural
source of NO inhibitors.
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