Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice
Background: Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) is a species of in Acanthaceae family and primarily used in South East Asian countries. C. nutans is well known as Sabah snake grass in Malaysia, and its leaves have diverse medicinal potential in conventional applications, including cancer treatmen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2019
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80692/1/TUMOR.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825951330785558528 |
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| author | Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan M.Y., Nurliyana Mohamed Noor Fuad, Natasha Nur Afiqah Osman, Mohd Azuraidi Hamid, Muhajir Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi |
| author_facet | Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan M.Y., Nurliyana Mohamed Noor Fuad, Natasha Nur Afiqah Osman, Mohd Azuraidi Hamid, Muhajir Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi |
| author_sort | Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Background: Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) is a species of in Acanthaceae family and primarily used in South East Asian countries. C. nutans is well known as Sabah snake grass in Malaysia, and its leaves have diverse medicinal potential in conventional applications, including cancer treatments. On the basis of literature search, there is less conclusive evidence of the involvement of phytochemical constituents in breast cancer, in particular, animal tumor models. The current study aimed to determine the antitumor and antioxidant activities of C. nutans extract in 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice.
Methods: C. nutans leaves were subjected to methanol extraction and divided into two different concentrations, 200 mg/kg (low-dose) and 1000 mg/kg (high-dose). The antitumor effects of C. nutans extracts were assessed using bone marrow smearing, clonogenic, and splenocyte immunotype analyses. In addition, hematoxylin and eosin, tumor weight and tumor volume profiles also used to indicate apoptosis appearance. Serum cytokine levels were examined using ELISA assay. In addition, nitric oxide assay reflecting antioxidant activity was performed.
Results: From the results obtained, the methanol extract of C. nutans leaves at 200 mg/kg (P < 0.05) and 1000 mg/ kg (P < 0.05) showed a significant decrease in nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the blood. On the other hand, C. nutans extract (1000 mg/kg) also showed a significant decrease in the number of mitotic cells, tumor weight, and tumor volume. No inflammatory and adverse reactions related to splenocytes activities were found in all treated groups of mice. Despite its promising results, the concentration of both C. nutans extracts have also reduced the number of colonies formed in the liver and lungs.
Conclusion: In conclusion, C. nutans extracts exert antitumor and antioxidant activities against 4 T1 mouse breast model with no adverse effect and inflammatory response at high dose of 1000 mg/kg, indicating an effective and complementary approach for cancer prevention and treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:28:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-80692 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:28:23Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-806922020-11-12T00:45:06Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80692/ Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan M.Y., Nurliyana Mohamed Noor Fuad, Natasha Nur Afiqah Osman, Mohd Azuraidi Hamid, Muhajir Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi Background: Clinacanthus nutans Lindau (C. nutans) is a species of in Acanthaceae family and primarily used in South East Asian countries. C. nutans is well known as Sabah snake grass in Malaysia, and its leaves have diverse medicinal potential in conventional applications, including cancer treatments. On the basis of literature search, there is less conclusive evidence of the involvement of phytochemical constituents in breast cancer, in particular, animal tumor models. The current study aimed to determine the antitumor and antioxidant activities of C. nutans extract in 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice. Methods: C. nutans leaves were subjected to methanol extraction and divided into two different concentrations, 200 mg/kg (low-dose) and 1000 mg/kg (high-dose). The antitumor effects of C. nutans extracts were assessed using bone marrow smearing, clonogenic, and splenocyte immunotype analyses. In addition, hematoxylin and eosin, tumor weight and tumor volume profiles also used to indicate apoptosis appearance. Serum cytokine levels were examined using ELISA assay. In addition, nitric oxide assay reflecting antioxidant activity was performed. Results: From the results obtained, the methanol extract of C. nutans leaves at 200 mg/kg (P < 0.05) and 1000 mg/ kg (P < 0.05) showed a significant decrease in nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the blood. On the other hand, C. nutans extract (1000 mg/kg) also showed a significant decrease in the number of mitotic cells, tumor weight, and tumor volume. No inflammatory and adverse reactions related to splenocytes activities were found in all treated groups of mice. Despite its promising results, the concentration of both C. nutans extracts have also reduced the number of colonies formed in the liver and lungs. Conclusion: In conclusion, C. nutans extracts exert antitumor and antioxidant activities against 4 T1 mouse breast model with no adverse effect and inflammatory response at high dose of 1000 mg/kg, indicating an effective and complementary approach for cancer prevention and treatment. Springer 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80692/1/TUMOR.pdf Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan and M.Y., Nurliyana and Mohamed Noor Fuad, Natasha Nur Afiqah and Osman, Mohd Azuraidi and Hamid, Muhajir and Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi (2019) Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 19 (340). pp. 1-9. ISSN 2662-7671 https://bmccomplementmedtherapies.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-019-2757-4 10.1186/s12906-019-2757-4 |
| spellingShingle | Nik Abd Rahman, Nik Mohd Afizan M.Y., Nurliyana Mohamed Noor Fuad, Natasha Nur Afiqah Osman, Mohd Azuraidi Hamid, Muhajir Mohd Lila, Mohd Azmi Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice |
| title | Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice |
| title_full | Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice |
| title_fullStr | Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice |
| title_short | Antitumor and antioxidant effects of Clinacanthus nutans Lindau in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice |
| title_sort | antitumor and antioxidant effects of clinacanthus nutans lindau in 4t1 tumor bearing mice |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/80692/1/TUMOR.pdf |
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