Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology
This study investigates the ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Malaysian cocoa shell extracts, and optimization using response surface methodology. There are three variables involved in this study, namely: ethanol concentration (70⁻90 v/v %), temperature (45⁻65 °C), and ultrasound irr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2019
|
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/81560/1/Optimization%20of%20an%20ultrasound-assisted%20extraction%20condition%20for%20flavonoid%20compounds%20from%20cocoa%20shells%20%28Theobroma%20cacao%29%20using%20response%20surface%20methodology.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825951460620238848 |
|---|---|
| author | Md Yusof, Arief Huzaimi Abd Gani, Siti Salwa Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi Zainudin, Badrul Hisyam |
| author_facet | Md Yusof, Arief Huzaimi Abd Gani, Siti Salwa Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi Zainudin, Badrul Hisyam |
| author_sort | Md Yusof, Arief Huzaimi |
| collection | UPM |
| description | This study investigates the ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Malaysian cocoa shell extracts, and optimization using response surface methodology. There are three variables involved in this study, namely: ethanol concentration (70⁻90 v/v %), temperature (45⁻65 °C), and ultrasound irradiation time (30⁻60 min). All of the data were collected and analyzed for variance (ANOVA). The coefficient of determination (R²) and the model was significant in interaction between all variables (98% and p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, the lack of fit test for the model was not of significance, with p > 0.0684. The ethanol concentration, temperature, and ultrasound irradiation time that yielded the maximum value of the total flavonoid content (TFC; 7.47 mg RE/g dried weight (DW)) was 80%, 55 °C, and 45 min, respectively. The optimum value from the validation of the experimental TFC was 7.23 ± 0.15 mg of rutin, equivalent per gram of extract with ethanol concentration, temperature, and ultrasound irradiation time values of 74.20%, 49.99 °C, and 42.82 min, respectively. While the modelled equation fits the data, the T-test is not significant, suggesting that the experimental values agree with those predicted by the response surface methodology models. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:30:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-81560 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:30:21Z |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-815602020-10-29T19:40:28Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/81560/ Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology Md Yusof, Arief Huzaimi Abd Gani, Siti Salwa Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi Zainudin, Badrul Hisyam This study investigates the ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Malaysian cocoa shell extracts, and optimization using response surface methodology. There are three variables involved in this study, namely: ethanol concentration (70⁻90 v/v %), temperature (45⁻65 °C), and ultrasound irradiation time (30⁻60 min). All of the data were collected and analyzed for variance (ANOVA). The coefficient of determination (R²) and the model was significant in interaction between all variables (98% and p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, the lack of fit test for the model was not of significance, with p > 0.0684. The ethanol concentration, temperature, and ultrasound irradiation time that yielded the maximum value of the total flavonoid content (TFC; 7.47 mg RE/g dried weight (DW)) was 80%, 55 °C, and 45 min, respectively. The optimum value from the validation of the experimental TFC was 7.23 ± 0.15 mg of rutin, equivalent per gram of extract with ethanol concentration, temperature, and ultrasound irradiation time values of 74.20%, 49.99 °C, and 42.82 min, respectively. While the modelled equation fits the data, the T-test is not significant, suggesting that the experimental values agree with those predicted by the response surface methodology models. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2019 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/81560/1/Optimization%20of%20an%20ultrasound-assisted%20extraction%20condition%20for%20flavonoid%20compounds%20from%20cocoa%20shells%20%28Theobroma%20cacao%29%20using%20response%20surface%20methodology.pdf Md Yusof, Arief Huzaimi and Abd Gani, Siti Salwa and Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah and Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi and Zainudin, Badrul Hisyam (2019) Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology. Molecules, 24 (4). pp. 1-16. ISSN 1420-3049 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30781448/ 10.3390/molecules24040711 |
| spellingShingle | Md Yusof, Arief Huzaimi Abd Gani, Siti Salwa Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi Zainudin, Badrul Hisyam Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology |
| title | Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology |
| title_full | Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology |
| title_short | Optimization of an ultrasound-assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells (Theobroma cacao) using response surface methodology |
| title_sort | optimization of an ultrasound assisted extraction condition for flavonoid compounds from cocoa shells theobroma cacao using response surface methodology |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/81560/1/Optimization%20of%20an%20ultrasound-assisted%20extraction%20condition%20for%20flavonoid%20compounds%20from%20cocoa%20shells%20%28Theobroma%20cacao%29%20using%20response%20surface%20methodology.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mdyusofariefhuzaimi optimizationofanultrasoundassistedextractionconditionforflavonoidcompoundsfromcocoashellstheobromacacaousingresponsesurfacemethodology AT abdganisitisalwa optimizationofanultrasoundassistedextractionconditionforflavonoidcompoundsfromcocoashellstheobromacacaousingresponsesurfacemethodology AT zaidanuswatunhasanah optimizationofanultrasoundassistedextractionconditionforflavonoidcompoundsfromcocoashellstheobromacacaousingresponsesurfacemethodology AT halmimohdizuaneffendi optimizationofanultrasoundassistedextractionconditionforflavonoidcompoundsfromcocoashellstheobromacacaousingresponsesurfacemethodology AT zainudinbadrulhisyam optimizationofanultrasoundassistedextractionconditionforflavonoidcompoundsfromcocoashellstheobromacacaousingresponsesurfacemethodology |