Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels
The pineapple industry produces substantial amount of solid wastes where the value of waste generated was reported as high as 75-80%. Peels, cores, stems, crowns and pulp were removed and becoming waste during the processing. Since disposal of these wastes is expensive due to high transportat...
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| Format: | Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2018
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84636/1/FBSB%202019%2020%20-%20ir.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825951963576008704 |
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| author | Mohamad, Nurshazana |
| author_facet | Mohamad, Nurshazana |
| author_sort | Mohamad, Nurshazana |
| collection | UPM |
| description | The pineapple industry produces substantial amount of solid wastes where the value of waste
generated was reported as high as 75-80%. Peels, cores, stems, crowns and pulp were removed and
becoming waste during the processing. Since disposal of these wastes is expensive due to high
transportation cost and a limited availability of landfills, they are mostly being unscrupulously
dumped and openly burnt. The current practice of dumping the pineapple wastes can cause
microbial spoilage and environmental problems due to high contents of moisture and
sugar. Pineapple wastes including peel composed of aromatic compound such as esters,
alcohols, acids, aldehydes and ketones, in which it can be extracted as essential oil. The
essential oil plays an importance use in industrial applications such as in aromatherapy,
fragrances and flavors in food and beverages as well as personal care. However, up to
date, there are very limited studies on the extraction methods of essential oil from
pineapple wastes. Considering the value of pineapple peel as a feedstock for essential oil
extraction, the present study was conducted to identify a feasible method for the extraction of
essential oil from pineapple peel. Three methods have been carried out in this study; (1)
hydro-distillation (HD), (2) hydro- distillation with enzyme-assisted (HDEA), and (3)
supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). Among the methods used, only SFE resulted in the formation
of essential oil with 0.17% (w/w) yield, whereas HD and HDEA methods only produced the hydrosol
with the yield of 70.65% and 80.65%, respectively. The microscopic observation using
scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the sample’s cell wall substantiated that only SFE method
showed the rupture of the essential oil gland after the extraction process. The gas
chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that the major volatile compounds
identified in the essential oil produced through SFE method were propanoic acid ethyl ester
(40.25%), lactic acid ethyl ester (19.35%), 2-heptanol (15.02%), propanal (8.18%), 3-hexanone
(2.60%) and butanoic acid ethyl ester (1.58%). These important volatile compounds indicate
the potential of pineapple peel to be used as a substrate for essential oil production. This study
suggested that the SFE is a feasible method for the extraction of essential oil from pineapple
peel which produced the major important
volatile compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:37:54Z |
| format | Thesis |
| id | upm.eprints-84636 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:37:54Z |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-846362021-12-31T03:56:27Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84636/ Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels Mohamad, Nurshazana The pineapple industry produces substantial amount of solid wastes where the value of waste generated was reported as high as 75-80%. Peels, cores, stems, crowns and pulp were removed and becoming waste during the processing. Since disposal of these wastes is expensive due to high transportation cost and a limited availability of landfills, they are mostly being unscrupulously dumped and openly burnt. The current practice of dumping the pineapple wastes can cause microbial spoilage and environmental problems due to high contents of moisture and sugar. Pineapple wastes including peel composed of aromatic compound such as esters, alcohols, acids, aldehydes and ketones, in which it can be extracted as essential oil. The essential oil plays an importance use in industrial applications such as in aromatherapy, fragrances and flavors in food and beverages as well as personal care. However, up to date, there are very limited studies on the extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple wastes. Considering the value of pineapple peel as a feedstock for essential oil extraction, the present study was conducted to identify a feasible method for the extraction of essential oil from pineapple peel. Three methods have been carried out in this study; (1) hydro-distillation (HD), (2) hydro- distillation with enzyme-assisted (HDEA), and (3) supercritical fluid extraction (SFE). Among the methods used, only SFE resulted in the formation of essential oil with 0.17% (w/w) yield, whereas HD and HDEA methods only produced the hydrosol with the yield of 70.65% and 80.65%, respectively. The microscopic observation using scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the sample’s cell wall substantiated that only SFE method showed the rupture of the essential oil gland after the extraction process. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that the major volatile compounds identified in the essential oil produced through SFE method were propanoic acid ethyl ester (40.25%), lactic acid ethyl ester (19.35%), 2-heptanol (15.02%), propanal (8.18%), 3-hexanone (2.60%) and butanoic acid ethyl ester (1.58%). These important volatile compounds indicate the potential of pineapple peel to be used as a substrate for essential oil production. This study suggested that the SFE is a feasible method for the extraction of essential oil from pineapple peel which produced the major important volatile compounds. 2018-07 Thesis NonPeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84636/1/FBSB%202019%2020%20-%20ir.pdf Mohamad, Nurshazana (2018) Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia. Pineapple Essences and essential oils |
| spellingShingle | Pineapple Essences and essential oils Mohamad, Nurshazana Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| title | Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| title_full | Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| title_fullStr | Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| title_short | Feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| title_sort | feasibility of extraction methods of essential oil from pineapple peels |
| topic | Pineapple Essences and essential oils |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/84636/1/FBSB%202019%2020%20-%20ir.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mohamadnurshazana feasibilityofextractionmethodsofessentialoilfrompineapplepeels |