Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the antioxidant activity and toxicity of Clinacanthus nutans leaves from three conventional extraction methods, i.e. maceration, Soxhlet and magnetic stirring. Design/methodology/approach: Total flavonoid content (TFC) and phenolic content (TPC) were...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Emerald
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88200/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825952465124589568 |
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| author | Chuah, Pei Ni Nyanasegaram, Dhalini Yu, Ke Xin Mohamed Razik, Rasny Al-Dhalli, Samer Kue, Chin Siang Shaari, Khozirah Ng, Chean Hui |
| author_facet | Chuah, Pei Ni Nyanasegaram, Dhalini Yu, Ke Xin Mohamed Razik, Rasny Al-Dhalli, Samer Kue, Chin Siang Shaari, Khozirah Ng, Chean Hui |
| author_sort | Chuah, Pei Ni |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the antioxidant activity and toxicity of Clinacanthus nutans leaves from three conventional extraction methods, i.e. maceration, Soxhlet and magnetic stirring. Design/methodology/approach: Total flavonoid content (TFC) and phenolic content (TPC) were determined using colorimetric method of aluminum chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay, respectively. Antioxidant property of C. nutans was evaluated using 2,2'-diphenyl-1-pierylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxic activity of C. nutans against brine shrimp was evaluated based on LC50 (lethality concentration) after 24 h exposure to the plant extract. Findings: The highest TPC of C. nutans was observed with Soxhlet extraction method (98.87 ± 10.43 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE/g) followed by maceration (68.77 ± 2.45 mg of GAE/g) and magnetic stirring (46.75 ± 2.45 mg of GAE/g). Interestingly, remarkable highest TFC was observed with magnetic stirring (568.90 ± 4.85 mg of rutin equivalent (RE)/g) followed by maceration (249.60 ± 2.79 mg of RE/g) and Soxhlet (174.8 ± 1.74 mg of RE/g). On the other hands, the extract obtained using maceration method showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50: 14.18 mg/mL compared to ascorbic acid 144.36 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity of C. nutans from all extraction methods showed similar LC50 values with maceration (3.81 mg/mL), Soxhlet (2.61 mg/mL) and magnetic stirring (4.56 mg/mL), respectively. Originality/value: Both phenolic and flavonoids are responsible for the antioxidant activity, of C. nutans extracts. Based on Meyer's toxicity index, all extracts were nontoxic (LC50>1 mg/mL). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:45:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-88200 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:45:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Emerald |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-882002022-03-10T08:20:38Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88200/ Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity Chuah, Pei Ni Nyanasegaram, Dhalini Yu, Ke Xin Mohamed Razik, Rasny Al-Dhalli, Samer Kue, Chin Siang Shaari, Khozirah Ng, Chean Hui Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the antioxidant activity and toxicity of Clinacanthus nutans leaves from three conventional extraction methods, i.e. maceration, Soxhlet and magnetic stirring. Design/methodology/approach: Total flavonoid content (TFC) and phenolic content (TPC) were determined using colorimetric method of aluminum chloride and Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay, respectively. Antioxidant property of C. nutans was evaluated using 2,2'-diphenyl-1-pierylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Cytotoxic activity of C. nutans against brine shrimp was evaluated based on LC50 (lethality concentration) after 24 h exposure to the plant extract. Findings: The highest TPC of C. nutans was observed with Soxhlet extraction method (98.87 ± 10.43 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE/g) followed by maceration (68.77 ± 2.45 mg of GAE/g) and magnetic stirring (46.75 ± 2.45 mg of GAE/g). Interestingly, remarkable highest TFC was observed with magnetic stirring (568.90 ± 4.85 mg of rutin equivalent (RE)/g) followed by maceration (249.60 ± 2.79 mg of RE/g) and Soxhlet (174.8 ± 1.74 mg of RE/g). On the other hands, the extract obtained using maceration method showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50: 14.18 mg/mL compared to ascorbic acid 144.36 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity of C. nutans from all extraction methods showed similar LC50 values with maceration (3.81 mg/mL), Soxhlet (2.61 mg/mL) and magnetic stirring (4.56 mg/mL), respectively. Originality/value: Both phenolic and flavonoids are responsible for the antioxidant activity, of C. nutans extracts. Based on Meyer's toxicity index, all extracts were nontoxic (LC50>1 mg/mL). Emerald 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88200/1/ABSTRACT.pdf Chuah, Pei Ni and Nyanasegaram, Dhalini and Yu, Ke Xin and Mohamed Razik, Rasny and Al-Dhalli, Samer and Kue, Chin Siang and Shaari, Khozirah and Ng, Chean Hui (2020) Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity. British Food Journal, 122 (10). 3139 - 3149. ISSN 0007-070X; ESSN: 1758-4108 https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/BFJ-02-2020-0085/full/html 10.1108/BFJ-02-2020-0085 |
| spellingShingle | Chuah, Pei Ni Nyanasegaram, Dhalini Yu, Ke Xin Mohamed Razik, Rasny Al-Dhalli, Samer Kue, Chin Siang Shaari, Khozirah Ng, Chean Hui Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| title | Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| title_full | Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| title_fullStr | Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| title_short | Comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of Clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| title_sort | comparative conventional extraction methods of ethanolic extracts of clinacanthus nutans leaves on antioxidant activity and toxicity |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/88200/1/ABSTRACT.pdf |
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