Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms
Cerebral ischemia is a result of insufficient blood flow to the brain. It leads to limited supply of oxygen and other nutrients to meet metabolic demands. These phenomena lead to brain damage. There are two types of cerebral ischemia: focal and global ischemia. This condition has significant impact...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Walter de Gruyter
2020
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| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89404/1/CEREBRAL.pdf |
| _version_ | 1796982157634174976 |
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| author | Ahad, Mohamad Anuar Kumaran, Kesevan Rajah Tiang, Ning Mansor, Nur Izzati Effendy, Mohamad Azmeer Damodaran, Thenmoly Lingam, Kamilla Abdul Wahab, Habibah Nordin, Norshariza Ping, Liao Muller, Christian P. Hassan, Zurina |
| author_facet | Ahad, Mohamad Anuar Kumaran, Kesevan Rajah Tiang, Ning Mansor, Nur Izzati Effendy, Mohamad Azmeer Damodaran, Thenmoly Lingam, Kamilla Abdul Wahab, Habibah Nordin, Norshariza Ping, Liao Muller, Christian P. Hassan, Zurina |
| author_sort | Ahad, Mohamad Anuar |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Cerebral ischemia is a result of insufficient blood flow to the brain. It leads to limited supply of oxygen and other nutrients to meet metabolic demands. These phenomena lead to brain damage. There are two types of cerebral ischemia: focal and global ischemia. This condition has significant impact on patient's health and health care system requirements. Animal models such as transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and permanent occlusion of extracranial vessels have been established to mimic the conditions of the respective type of cerebral ischemia and to further understand pathophysiological mechanisms of these ischemic conditions. It is important to understand the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia in order to identify therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment. Here, we review the neuropathologies that are caused by cerebral ischemia and discuss the mechanisms that occur in cerebral ischemia such as reduction of cerebral blood flow, hippocampal damage, white matter lesions, neuronal cell death, cholinergic dysfunction, excitotoxicity, calcium overload, cytotoxic oedema, a decline in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), malfunctioning of Na+/K+-ATPase, and the blood-brain barrier breakdown. Altogether, the information provided can be used to guide therapeutic strategies for cerebral ischemia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:47:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-89404 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:47:53Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Walter de Gruyter |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-894042021-08-18T09:55:27Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89404/ Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms Ahad, Mohamad Anuar Kumaran, Kesevan Rajah Tiang, Ning Mansor, Nur Izzati Effendy, Mohamad Azmeer Damodaran, Thenmoly Lingam, Kamilla Abdul Wahab, Habibah Nordin, Norshariza Ping, Liao Muller, Christian P. Hassan, Zurina Cerebral ischemia is a result of insufficient blood flow to the brain. It leads to limited supply of oxygen and other nutrients to meet metabolic demands. These phenomena lead to brain damage. There are two types of cerebral ischemia: focal and global ischemia. This condition has significant impact on patient's health and health care system requirements. Animal models such as transient occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and permanent occlusion of extracranial vessels have been established to mimic the conditions of the respective type of cerebral ischemia and to further understand pathophysiological mechanisms of these ischemic conditions. It is important to understand the pathophysiology of cerebral ischemia in order to identify therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment. Here, we review the neuropathologies that are caused by cerebral ischemia and discuss the mechanisms that occur in cerebral ischemia such as reduction of cerebral blood flow, hippocampal damage, white matter lesions, neuronal cell death, cholinergic dysfunction, excitotoxicity, calcium overload, cytotoxic oedema, a decline in adenosine triphosphate (ATP), malfunctioning of Na+/K+-ATPase, and the blood-brain barrier breakdown. Altogether, the information provided can be used to guide therapeutic strategies for cerebral ischemia. Walter de Gruyter 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89404/1/CEREBRAL.pdf Ahad, Mohamad Anuar and Kumaran, Kesevan Rajah and Tiang, Ning and Mansor, Nur Izzati and Effendy, Mohamad Azmeer and Damodaran, Thenmoly and Lingam, Kamilla and Abdul Wahab, Habibah and Nordin, Norshariza and Ping, Liao and Muller, Christian P. and Hassan, Zurina (2020) Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms. Reviews in the Neurosciences, 31 (5). 521 - 538. ISSN 0334-1763; ESSN: 2191-0200 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32126019/ 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0099 |
| spellingShingle | Ahad, Mohamad Anuar Kumaran, Kesevan Rajah Tiang, Ning Mansor, Nur Izzati Effendy, Mohamad Azmeer Damodaran, Thenmoly Lingam, Kamilla Abdul Wahab, Habibah Nordin, Norshariza Ping, Liao Muller, Christian P. Hassan, Zurina Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| title | Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| title_full | Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| title_short | Insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| title_sort | insights into the neuropathology of cerebral ischemia and its mechanisms |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89404/1/CEREBRAL.pdf |
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