K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil
Biodiesel obtained from palm oil over an environmentally friendly catalyst is highlydesirable. For that matter, dolomite, a natural material was used as a catalyst in this work, and this included potassium oxide (K2O)-doped dolomite, 5 wt% K/D, 10 wt% K/D, 15 wt% K/D, and 20 wt% K/D. X-ray diffracti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
2020
|
| Online Access: | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89497/1/DOLOMITE.pdf |
| _version_ | 1825936689045962752 |
|---|---|
| author | Yahaya, Muhammad Ramli, Irmawati Muhamad, Ernee Noryana Ishak, Nor Shafizah Nda Umar, Usman Idris Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin |
| author_facet | Yahaya, Muhammad Ramli, Irmawati Muhamad, Ernee Noryana Ishak, Nor Shafizah Nda Umar, Usman Idris Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin |
| author_sort | Yahaya, Muhammad |
| collection | UPM |
| description | Biodiesel obtained from palm oil over an environmentally friendly catalyst is highlydesirable. For that matter, dolomite, a natural material was used as a catalyst in this work, and this included potassium oxide (K2O)-doped dolomite, 5 wt% K/D, 10 wt% K/D, 15 wt% K/D, and 20 wt% K/D. X-ray diffraction analysis of dolomite revealed the CaO and MgO phases with high crystallinity, in which intensity reduced after doped with varying concentrations of K2O. When the catalysts were evaluated, the K2O-doped dolomite exhibited a better catalytic activity for palm oil transesterification. In the presence of K2O, the methyl ester reached 98.7%, with the highest being displayed by 15 wt% K/D as compared to 87% over dolomite at reaction temperature of 60 °C, 12:1 methanol to palm oil ratio, 1 wt% catalyst amount and 1 h reaction time. SEM revealed that as more K2O was doped on dolomite, the particles became more agglomerated, with a reduced BET surface area of 1.3 m2/g in 20 wt% K/D as opposed to homogeneously small-sized MgO and CaO particles in dolomite with a high BET surface area of 19.0 m2/g. However, the high activity of the doped catalyst was dictated by the high amount of basic site, as evidenced in TPD-CO2 which showed an increase in the capacity of the basic site with an increased amount of K2O. The catalyst was also reusable up to six times with a negligible decrease in activity due to K+ leaching. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:48:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | upm.eprints-89497 |
| institution | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-06T10:48:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publisher | Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | upm.eprints-894972021-08-16T22:55:48Z http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89497/ K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil Yahaya, Muhammad Ramli, Irmawati Muhamad, Ernee Noryana Ishak, Nor Shafizah Nda Umar, Usman Idris Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin Biodiesel obtained from palm oil over an environmentally friendly catalyst is highlydesirable. For that matter, dolomite, a natural material was used as a catalyst in this work, and this included potassium oxide (K2O)-doped dolomite, 5 wt% K/D, 10 wt% K/D, 15 wt% K/D, and 20 wt% K/D. X-ray diffraction analysis of dolomite revealed the CaO and MgO phases with high crystallinity, in which intensity reduced after doped with varying concentrations of K2O. When the catalysts were evaluated, the K2O-doped dolomite exhibited a better catalytic activity for palm oil transesterification. In the presence of K2O, the methyl ester reached 98.7%, with the highest being displayed by 15 wt% K/D as compared to 87% over dolomite at reaction temperature of 60 °C, 12:1 methanol to palm oil ratio, 1 wt% catalyst amount and 1 h reaction time. SEM revealed that as more K2O was doped on dolomite, the particles became more agglomerated, with a reduced BET surface area of 1.3 m2/g in 20 wt% K/D as opposed to homogeneously small-sized MgO and CaO particles in dolomite with a high BET surface area of 19.0 m2/g. However, the high activity of the doped catalyst was dictated by the high amount of basic site, as evidenced in TPD-CO2 which showed an increase in the capacity of the basic site with an increased amount of K2O. The catalyst was also reusable up to six times with a negligible decrease in activity due to K+ leaching. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute 2020 Article PeerReviewed text en http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89497/1/DOLOMITE.pdf Yahaya, Muhammad and Ramli, Irmawati and Muhamad, Ernee Noryana and Ishak, Nor Shafizah and Nda Umar, Usman Idris and Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin (2020) K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil. Catalysts, 10 (7). pp. 1-17. ISSN 2073-4344 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/7/791 10.3390/catal10070791 |
| spellingShingle | Yahaya, Muhammad Ramli, Irmawati Muhamad, Ernee Noryana Ishak, Nor Shafizah Nda Umar, Usman Idris Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| title | K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| title_full | K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| title_fullStr | K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| title_full_unstemmed | K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| title_short | K2O doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| title_sort | k2o doped dolomite as heterogeneous catalyst for fatty acid methyl ester production from palm oil |
| url | http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/89497/1/DOLOMITE.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yahayamuhammad k2odopeddolomiteasheterogeneouscatalystforfattyacidmethylesterproductionfrompalmoil AT ramliirmawati k2odopeddolomiteasheterogeneouscatalystforfattyacidmethylesterproductionfrompalmoil AT muhamaderneenoryana k2odopeddolomiteasheterogeneouscatalystforfattyacidmethylesterproductionfrompalmoil AT ishaknorshafizah k2odopeddolomiteasheterogeneouscatalystforfattyacidmethylesterproductionfrompalmoil AT ndaumarusmanidris k2odopeddolomiteasheterogeneouscatalystforfattyacidmethylesterproductionfrompalmoil AT yaptaufiqyunhin k2odopeddolomiteasheterogeneouscatalystforfattyacidmethylesterproductionfrompalmoil |